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IMDbPro

J.M. Barrie(1860-1937)

  • Writer
  • Additional Crew
  • Soundtrack
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J.M. Barrie
A contemporary reimagining of J.M. Barrie's Peter Pan.
Play trailer1:07
Happy Thoughts (2014)
2 Videos
1 Photo
James Matthew "J. M." Barrie was a Scottish novelist and playwright. He had a distinguished career, but is primarily remembered for creating Peter Pan and his supporting characters. He used the character of Pan in the novel "The Little White Bird" (1902), the stage play "Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up" (1904). the novel "Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens" (1906), the play "When Wendy Grew Up - An Afterthought" (1908), and the novel "Peter and Wendy" (1911).

In 1860,. Barrie was born in the burgh of Kirriemuir, in the county of Forfarshire. The county has since been renamed to "Angus". In the 19th century, Kirriemuir was center for the weaving industry, Barrie's father was David Barrie, a moderately prosperous weaver. Barrie's primary caregiver was his mother Margaret Ogilvy, who introduced him to English-language literature at an early age. Barrie was the 9th child born to the couple, out of ten children.

In 1866, Barrie's older brother David Barrie was killed in an ice-skating accident. David was Margaret's favorite son, and she was devastated by his death. Barrie started imitating his dead brother, in an effort to serve as a replacement for him. Barrie's mother reportedly found comfort in the fact that her dead son would remain a boy forever, never to grow up and leave her.

In 1868, Barrie started attending the Glasgow Academy, an independent day school located in Glasgow. At the time, two of his older siblings were among the school's teachers. In 1870, Barrie was transferred to the Forfar Academy. It was a comprehensive school located in Forfar, and it was closer to his parents' house. In 1874, Barrie was enrolled at the Dumfries Academy, a grammar school located in Dumfries.

As a teenager, Barrie was a bibliophile. He enjoyed reading penny dreadfuls, serial literature sold at a cheap price. He also enjoyed reading the juvenile fiction of Robert Michael Ballantyne ( 1825 - 1894), and the historical novels of James Fenimore Cooper (1789 - 1851). Barrie was part of a group which liked to re-enact the adventures of pirates. He was also part of a drama club at Dumfries. While a teenager, he wrote and produced his first play: "Bandelero the Bandit". The play was denounced by a local clergyman for its supposed immorality.

Barrie aspired to become a professional writer, but his family insisted that he must attend university first. Barrie enrolled at the University of Edinburgh. While a college student, he started working at the newspaper "Edinburgh Evening Courant" as their drama reviewer. He graduated from university in 1882.

Following graduation, Barrie worked as a staff journalist for the newspaper "Nottingham Journal". Meanwhile he started working on short stories based on the life story of his grandfather. He eventually reworked this story into a trilogy of novels: "Auld Licht Idylls" (1888), "A Window in Thrums" (1890), and "The Little Minister "(1891). The stories depicted life within the "Auld Lichts", a religious sect which his grandfather had joined. These novels were popular at the time, though largely based on the industrialized Scotland's nostalgia for a bygone era.

In the 1890s, Barrie started working on theatrical works. An early success for him was "Ibsen's Ghost, or Toole Up-to-Date" (1891), a parody of the plays of Henrik Ibsen (1828 -1906). The play was largely based on two of Ibsen's plays, "Ghosts" (1881) and "Hedda Gabler" (1891) .

While working as a playwright, Barrie met and courted the actress Mary Ansell (1861 -1950). The two of them were married in 1894, though they reputedly never consummated their marriage. The marriage lasted until 1909, ending in a divorce. Barrie resented Ansell's extramarital affair with a younger man, the novelist Gilbert Cannan (1884 -1955). Following a second failed marriage of Ansell, Barrie voluntarily started financially supporting her. Until his death in 1937, Barrie gave her an annual allowance.

In 1901, Barrie published one of his most successful plays, "Quality Street". The protagonist Phoebe Throssel was a respectable school mistress, who started pretending to be a younger woman in older to reclaim the heart of her former suitor. The initial run of the play in London lasted for 459 performances. The play was frequently revived until the 1940s.

In 1902, Barrie had another hit with the survival-themed play "The Admirable Crichton". The play depicts an aristocratic family and their servants as shipwreck survivors. While living in a desert island, the butler Crichton turns out to be a far more effective leader than his employer. This satire on class relationships had an initial run of 828 performances.

In 1902, Barrie introduced the character of Peter Pan, which became his most popular creation. He liked contrasting the typical middle class life of the Edwardian era, with the adventurous life and ambivalent morality of the fictional Neverland. While most of the Pan stories were written for a child audience, their social commentary also attracted adults. Barrie was praised by fellow writer (1856-1950) for these stories.

In 1909, Barrie was part of a campaign by several playwrights to challenge the United Kingdom's strict censorship laws. In 1911, Barrie was part of the anti-censorship's campaign second wave. In 1910, he commented on marital relations with the play "The Twelve Pound Look". In the play, a married woman seeks a divorce. She has gained financial independence and no longer needs her husband. The play was considered controversial at the time.

In 1917, Barrie explored the concept of the alternate reality in the play "Dear Brutus". In the play, a group of adult characters feel that they have taken wrong turns in their lives. A magic users offers them glimpses into the lives of their alternate reality counterparts, which took different life decisions. Some of them are enlightened by the experience, others learn nothing of value. The play was a hit, running for 363 performances in its initial run. It was revived in 1922.

In 1920, Barrie wrote the mystery play "Mary Rose". It was the last notable hit in his career. The play's protagonist mysteriously vanishes twice. She first disappears as a child. She re-appears 21 days later, but she has no recollection of where she was. As an adult, Mary Rose vanishes again. She leaves a husband and a son behind. She re-appears decades later, with no recollection of where she was again. But she has not aged a single day, and she is now physically younger than her own son. The play offers no definite answers to its mystery. It has experienced several revivals.

In 1929, Barrie gave the copyright right to Peter Pan (and any royalties gained from it) to the children's hospital Great Ormond Street Hospital. The royalties have continued to financially support the hospital ever since. The copyright was extended indefinitely by a special provision in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

Barrie continued producing new works into the 1930s, though none were particularly groundbreaking. His last play was the Bible-themed story "The Boy David" (1936). It concerned the relationship between the aging Saul, King of Israel and his youthful son-in-law and prospective heir David. The play was based on the "Books of Samuel". A play which Barrie wrote but never produced was "The Reconstruction of the Crime", published posthumously in 2017.

By 1937, had moved into a nursing home in London. In June 1937, he died there due to pneumonia. He was 77-years-old at the time of his death. He was buried in his native Kirriemuir, in the family grave previously used by his parents and some of his siblings. His will left provision for his ex-wife Mary Ansell and a number of Barrie's surrogate children from the Llewelyn Davies family. Barrie left the majority of his estate to his longtime secretary Lady Cynthia Asquith ( 1887 -1960). Barrie had no known descendants.

Several of Barrie's works have remained popular into the 21st century. Peter Pan has frequently been adapted into various media, and has inspired a number of unofficial sequels. Tourists continue visiting locations in Kirriemuir which are associated with him. Barrie's long-lasting fame has not faded.
BornMay 9, 1860
DiedJune 19, 1937(77)
BornMay 9, 1860
DiedJune 19, 1937(77)
IMDbProStarmeter
See rank

Known for

Mel Blanc, June Foray, Kathryn Beaumont, Tony Butala, Paul Collins, Hans Conried, Bobby Driscoll, Robert Ellis, Connie Hilton, Margaret Kerry, Tommy Luske, John Wilder, Jeffrey Silver, Stuffy Singer, and Anne Whitfield in Peter Pan (1953)
Peter Pan
7.3
  • Writer(as Sir James M. Barrie)
  • 1953
Jason Isaacs, Don Battee, Brian Carbee, Septimus Caton, Alan Cinis, Frank Gallacher, Phil Meacham, Darren Andrew Mitchell, Ludivine Sagnier, Bruce Spence, Jeremy Sumpter, Jacob Tomuri, Frank Whitten, Dan Wyllie, Harry Eden, Mick Roughan, George MacKay, Rachel Hurd-Wood, Harry Newell, Freddie Popplewell, Rupert Simonian, Theodore Chester, Lachlan Gooch, Patrick Gooch, and Venant Wong in Peter Pan (2003)
Peter Pan
6.8
  • Writer
  • 2003
Hugh Jackman, Garrett Hedlund, Rooney Mara, and Levi Miller in Pan (2015)
Pan
5.7
  • Writer
  • 2015
Shadow of the Pan
  • Writer

    Credits

    Edit
    IMDbPro

    Writer

    • Tinker Bell
      • In Development
    • The Island Between Tides
      • Post-production
    • Peter Pan's Neverland Nightmare
      • In Production
    • When Wendy Grew Up
      • Post-production
    • Peter Pan & Wendy
      • Post-production
    • Fireside Reading of Peter Pan (2022)
      Fireside Reading of Peter Pan
    • Peter Pan: Wendy's Adventure to Neverland (2022)
      Peter Pan: Wendy's Adventure to Neverland
    • Monologues (2022)
      Monologues
    • Steven Anderson, J.M. Barrie, T.J. Reissner, Shakira Searle, Tatanya Lowed-Spence, Claire Bochenek, Grace Ahlin, Erin Klarner, Joshua Boyer, Paula K Long, Caitlin Rose Jurewicz, Andrew Atwood, Mira Singer, and Andrew Gelos in Dear Brutus (2021)
      Dear Brutus
    • Piotrus Pan (Audiomusical) (2020)
      Piotrus Pan (Audiomusical)
    • Ghost Light (2020)
      Ghost Light
    • Radioteatro de Navidad de la Cadena Ser
    • Darling, Darling, Wendy (2019)
      Darling, Darling, Wendy
    • Peter Pan: The Quest for the Neverbook (2018)
      Peter Pan: The Quest for the Neverbook
    • Television Theater (1953)
      Television Theater
    • National Theatre Live: Peter Pan (2017)
      National Theatre Live: Peter Pan
    • Peter Pan Goes Wrong (2016)
      Peter Pan Goes Wrong
      • (uncredited)
    • An Afterthought (2016)
      An Afterthought
    • Matt Hill and Michelle Molineux in The New Adventures of Peter Pan (2012)
      The New Adventures of Peter Pan
      • (as James Matthew Barrie)
    • Stanley Tucci, Laura Fraser, Paloma Faith, Hazel Doupe, and Zak Sutcliffe in Peter and Wendy (2015)
      Peter and Wendy

    Additional Crew

    • Mel Blanc, June Foray, Kathryn Beaumont, Tony Butala, Paul Collins, Hans Conried, Bobby Driscoll, Robert Ellis, Connie Hilton, Margaret Kerry, Tommy Luske, John Wilder, Jeffrey Silver, Stuffy Singer, and Anne Whitfield in Peter Pan (1953)
      Peter Pan
      • (as Sir James M. Barrie)

    Soundtrack

    • Jason Isaacs, Don Battee, Brian Carbee, Septimus Caton, Alan Cinis, Frank Gallacher, Phil Meacham, Darren Andrew Mitchell, Ludivine Sagnier, Bruce Spence, Jeremy Sumpter, Jacob Tomuri, Frank Whitten, Dan Wyllie, Harry Eden, Mick Roughan, George MacKay, Rachel Hurd-Wood, Harry Newell, Freddie Popplewell, Rupert Simonian, Theodore Chester, Lachlan Gooch, Patrick Gooch, and Venant Wong in Peter Pan (2003)
      Peter Pan
    • In-development projects at IMDbPro

    Videos2

    Why 'Wendy' Is a Live-Action Peter Pan We Actually Want
    Clip 3:58
    Why 'Wendy' Is a Live-Action Peter Pan We Actually Want
    Happy Thoughts
    Trailer 1:07
    Happy Thoughts

    Personal details

    Edit
      • Official Site
      • May 9, 1860
      • Kirriemuir, Angus, Scotland, UK
      • June 19, 1937
      • London, England, UK(pneumonia)
      • July 9, 1894 - October 1909 (divorced)
    • Other works
      Stage: Wrote "The Professor's Love Story", produced on Broadway (earliest Broadway credit). Star Theatre: 19 Dec 1892-unknown (unknown performances). Cast [as known]: E.S. Willard.
    • Publicity listings
      • 3 Biographical Movies
      • 8 Print Biographies
      • 3 Portrayals
      • 8 Articles

    Did you know

    Edit
    • Trivia
      From 1928 onward all royalties from the sales of "Peter Pan" were donated to the Great Ormond Street Hospital. In 1987 (50 years after Barrie's death), when normally royalty rights would have expired, by a special act of Parliament royalties were allowed to continue going to the hospital in perpetuity. Many countries dispute the right to institute perpetual royalties, considering Peter Pan to be in the public domain, and refuse to enforce the copyright within their boundaries.
    • Quotes
      [on accomplishment] Every man who is high up loves to think he has done it all himself; and his wife smiles, and lets it go at that.

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