German conductor and pianist. With the violinist Gerhard Seitz he won
first prize for duos at the 1949 Geneva International Competition, and
began to conduct as a guest in Germany. He became general music
director at Aachen (1953-1958), Wiesbaden (1958-1960) and Cologne
(1960-1963), where he also directed the conductors' class at the
academy. In 1971 he was appointed Generalmusikdirektor of the
Staatsoper in Munich, and in 1993 he became musical director of the
Philadelphia Orchestra.