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1-50 of 2,489
- Shah Jahan was born on 5 January 1592 in Lahore, Pakistan. He died on 22 January 1666 in India.
- Charles Cornwallis was born into one of the most-distinguished families in the United Kingdom: his father was created Earl Cornwallis by George II; his uncles were the Governor of Nova Scotia and the Archbishop of Canterbury, respectively; his maternal grandfather was the 2nd Viscount Townshend; his paternal great-grandfather was First Lord of the Admiralty; and his maternal great-uncle was the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. Upon his father's death, he became 6th Baron Cornwallis, 2nd Viscount Brome, 2nd Earl Cornwallis, and took his seat in the House of Lords. He surprised many by marrying beneath his station, as Jemima Jones was the daughter of an army colonel.
His status afforded him a life of general wantonness, yet he was determined to be of service and pursued a military career. He obtained his first commission as Ensign in the 1st Foot Guards in 1757, then gained permission to enroll at the Military Academy (Turin, Italy). Literally missing the boat which was taking his regiment to fight in the Seven Years' War, Cornwallis secured an appointment as an aide-de-camp to Lord Granby.
Although opposed to policies which antagonized the Colonies (he voted against the Stamp Act), when hostilities broke out, he volunteered for what is now known as the Revolutionary War. He scored victories at Brandywine, and Monmouth, often risking his life leading his men on the battlefield. However, he found himself continually outmaneuvered by George Washington, whom he chased from one theater of engagement to another.
Receiving news that his wife was gravely ill, he returned home and was at Jemima's beside when she died. Now a widower with two young children, no one would have held it against Cornwallis had he remained in England. Instead, he returned to America, determined to defeat Washington, who had become the bane of his existence. He captured Charleston, won at Camden, and at Guilford Court House; of this battle, he remarked: "I never saw such fighting since God made me. The Americans fought like demons". However, due to the ineptitude of his superiors, chiefly, Sir Henry Clinton, his plan to invade Virginia was stymied. Trapped by French and American forces at Yorktown, he was forced to surrender on October 17, 1781, effectively ending the War.
Despite this humiliation, he retained the confidence of George III, who invested him as a Knight of the Order of the Garter. He was appointed Governor-General of India in 1786. His defeat of the Sultan of Mysore, ending the Third Anglo-Mysore War, did much to restore his reputation. He was created Marquess Cornwallis in 1792.
Shortly after being appointed Governor-General of Bengal, he died of fever in Ghazipur. As his son Charles had no sons, the marquessate became extinct upon Charles's death in 1823. The rest of Cornwallis's titles passed to his brother, James. - Composer
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Tyagaraya Swamy was born on 4 May 1767 in Thiruvarur, Thanjavur, Maratha Kingdom. Tyagaraya was a composer, known for Nari Nari Naduma Murari (1989) and Thyagayya (1981). Tyagaraya died on 6 January 1847 in Thiruvayaru, Tanjore district, Madras Presidency, British India.- Music Department
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Fakir Lalon Shah was born on 14 October 1772 in Jhenaidah, Bengal Presidency, British India [now in Jhenaidah, Bangladesh]. He was a writer, known for Whirling Desert - Iasi Ensemble (2020), Dekha (2001) and Milon Hobe Koto Dine (2001). He died on 17 October 1890 in Kushtia, Bengal Presidency, British India [now in Kushtia, Bangladesh].- Reginald Heber was born on 21 April 1783 in Malpas, Cheshire, England, UK. Reginald died on 3 April 1826 in Trichinopoly, Tamil Nadu, British India.
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Mirza Ghalib was born on 27 December 1797 in Agra, Mughal Empire. He was a writer, known for Masaan (2015), Mirza Ghalib (1954) and Ghalib (1961). He died on 15 February 1869 in Delhi, British India.- Henry Louis Vivian Derozio was born on 18 April 1807 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India. Henry Louis Vivian died on 26 December 1831 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.
- Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was born on 26 September 1820 in Birsingha, Bengal Province, British India. Ishwar Chandra was a writer, known for Bhranti Bilas (1963). Ishwar Chandra died on 29 July 1891 in Calcutta, Bengal Province, British India.
- Sri Ramakrishna was born on 18 February 1836 in Kamarpukur, Bengal Presidency, British India. Sri was a writer, known for Maja (2005), Baba (2002) and Minsaara Kanavu (1997). Sri died on 16 August 1886 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.
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Bankim Chandra Chatterjee was born on 26 June 1838 in Kathalpara, Naihati, Bengal Presidency, British India. Bankim Chandra was a writer, known for Krishnakanter Will (1926), Bisha Brikshya (1928) and Bishabriksha (1922). Bankim Chandra died on 8 April 1894 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.- Annie Besant, English writer, socialist and feminist activist, was born in 1847, the only daughter of William B. P. Wood, a non-practicing physician, and the former Emily Morris. Both were Anglo-Irish Protestants. Annie was raised a devout Anglican, and religion remained an important factor throughout her life, providing the decisive spur to her pioneering work for social justice. Educated privately by Miss Marryat, sister of the novelist Frederick Marryat, Annie Wood married Frank Besant, a clergyman, in 1867. The marriage produced two children, a daughter, Mabel, and a son, Digby. Frank's mental cruelty and physical violence led to a legal separation in 1873 and Annie's abandonment of her naive Christianity. She was associated with the radical atheist Charles Bradlaugh (1833-1891) and the socialist Fabian Society. Besant and Bradlaugh published a treatise advocating birth control and were prosecuted; as a result she lost custody of her daughter. In 1889 she became a disciple of the Russian spiritualist and mystic Madame Blavatsky. Thereafter she went to India where she founded the Central Hindu College in 1898. Her Theosophy and the New Psychology was published in 1904. She became president of the Theosophical Society in 1907, a post she held until her death. She also became involved in the Indian independence movement, established the Indian Home Rule League in 1916, and became the only British woman to serve as president of the Indian National Congress in 1917.
- He was born into the feudal royal family of Travancore (now part of the state of Kerala in South India). Varma's contribution to iconography and lithographs in Indian painting is significant. He apprenticed under the court painter Ramaswamy Naicker and even studied under the tutelage of the Dutch painter Theodore Jensen. Varma was very popular among the British authorities in having him do their portraits. He is more well known today for his paintings of scenes from Indian mythology that have an 'academic' style. In 1894 he mass produced his olegraphs at Lonavala. His paintings had a significant impact on Indian theatre. The Sangeet Natnak used his style of rendering for their stage backdrops that was quickly imitated by others. The poet and novelist Kerala Varma (1845-1914) has written extensively about him.
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Jyotirindranath Tagore was born on 4 May 1849 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India. Jyotirindranath is known for Charulata (1964) and The Home and the World (1984). Jyotirindranath died in 1925 in Ranchi, Bihar and Orissa Province, British India.- Music Department
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Hason Raja was born on 21 December 1854 in Sylhet, Bengal Presidency, British India. Hason was a writer, known for Aguner Poroshmoni (1994), Arshinagar (1983) and Hason Raja (2017). Hason died on 6 December 1922 in Sylhet, Bengal Presidency, British India.- Indian nationalist, scholar, and philosopher. He was born in Ratnagiri during British rule of India in 1956. After teaching mathematics, he was owner and editor of 2 weekly newspapers. A militant member of the 'extremist' wing within the Indian National Congress (and a member of the famous 'Lal, Pal and Bal' trio), he was twice imprisoned by the British for his nationalist activities. He helped to found the Home Rule League in 1914.
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Jamshedji Framji Madan was born on 27 April 1857 in Bombay, Bombay Presidency, British India. He was a producer and production manager, known for Bilwa Mangal (1919), Dhrubo (1934) and Vasant Prabha (1924). He died on 28 June 1923 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.- Writer
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- Composer
Rabindranath Tagore was born on 6 May 1861 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India [now India]. He was a writer and composer, known for Streer Patra (1972), Natir Puja (1932) and Shyama (2008). He was married to Mrinalini Devi. He died on 7 August 1941 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India [now India].- Music Department
Swami Vivekanand narrated the Mahabharata in his lecture in California
A short excerpt from his lecture
The other epic about which I am going to speak to you this evening, is called the Mahabharata. It contains the story of a race descended from King Bharata, who was the son of Dushyanta and Shakuntala. Maha means great, and Bharata means the descendants of Bharata, from whom India has derived its name, Bharata. Mahabharata means Great India, or the story of the great descendants of Bharata. The dispute was over the region of the north western India. So the region of the quarrel is not very big. This epic is the most popular one in India; and it exercises the same authority in India as Homer's poems did over the Greeks. As ages went on, more and more matter was added to it, until it has become a huge book of about a twenty thousand couplets. The central story of the Mahabharata is on Karna and his brothers whose heroism and glories were spread all over Bharatvarsha that time. They conquered the Aryavartha at different periods of time and subjugated many old nations, kingdoms and republics of the great ancient India! The core of the story is on the control over the empire of India and mainly Hastinapur. The story's hero comes from the Suta tribe and his name is Karna, the possessor of all qualities and also known as Vasusena who gets into the Kuru family and becomes the backbone of the Kurus. Out of the brothers, Karna and Yudhisthira were on the verge to sit on the throne of Hastinapur whereas the rest characters were subordinates and supporters of them. The irony in this situation is that Yudhisthira does not know that Karna is his eldest brother and the rightful heir to the throne though Karna knows it but at the play of destiny, he was bound to side against Yudhisthira and the rest Pandavas. As I told you in the Ramayana, Bharat despite being the 2nd eldest brother sits on the throne, in the Mahabharata also Yudhisthira sits on the throne. However just like every ancient Indian text, the ending of the epic will not be tragic one but will be in the heaven where the 106 brothers unite and Karna being the eldest brother will be crowned as the king of the Aditya Lok. In the Ramayana also, the ending was not tragic, Rama united with his brothers and was crowned as the king of Ayodhya. The positive ending in ancient epics by the authors and writers of times immemorial is to show that the life is 'unending' and should be always taken as a positive aspect to move forward in life and finally attain the highest goal which is the 'salvation'. Unlike Buddha's teachings, these pieces of history teach us heroism, the way to live.- Sayajirao Gaekwad III was born on 11 March 1863 in Kavalana, Malegon Tashil, Baroda, British India. He was married to Lakshmibai Mohite and Chimnabai. He died on 6 February 1939 in Baroda, British India.
- Upendra Kishore Raychowdhuri was born on 12 May 1863 in Moshua, Bengal Presidency, British India. Upendra Kishore was a writer, known for Goopy Gyne Bagha Byne (1969), The World of Goopi and Bagha (2013) and Jola Aar Saat Bhoot (2005). Upendra Kishore died on 20 December 1915 in Giridih, Bihar and Orissa Province, British India.
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Dwijendralal Roy was born on 19 July 1863 in Krishnanagar, Nadia, Bengal Presidency, British India. Dwijendralal was a writer, known for Matri Bhoomi (1939), Gumnaami (2019) and Agnishwar (1975). Dwijendralal died on 17 May 1913 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.- Henry Rawlinson was born on 20 February 1864 in Trent, Dorset, England, UK. He was married to Meredith Sophia Frances Kennard. He died on 28 March 1925 in Delhi, British India [now India].
- Lakshminath Bezbaruah was born on 14 October 1864 in Aahatguri, Nagaon, Assam, British Raj. He was a writer, known for Joymati (1935), Kukuri Kona (2005) and Kothanodi (2015). He was married to Pragyasundari Devi. He died on 26 March 1938 in Dibrugarh, Assam, India.
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Lawrence Hope was born on 9 April 1865 in Stoke Bishop, Bristol, England, UK. He was a writer, known for Tolkien (2019), The Indian Love Lyrics (1923) and Less Than the Dust (1916). He died on 4 October 1904 in Teynampet, Chennai Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.- Music Department
Rajani Kanta Sen was born on 26 July 1865 in Pabna, Bengal Presidency, British India [now in Pabna, Bangladesh]. He is known for Mohunbaganer Meye (1976), Subhas Chandra (1966) and Harmonium (1976). He died on 13 September 1910 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.- Indian politician and social reformer. Born in Kotluk, Bombay, in 1866, he became Professor of History at Fergusson College, Poona, resigning in 1904, when he was selected representative of the Bombay legislative council at the supreme council. He founded the Servants of India Society in 1905 to work for the relief of the underprivileged, and in the same year was elected president of the Indian National Congress. He was a leading protagonist of Indian self-government and influenced Mahatma Gandhi, advocating moderate and constitutional methods of agitation and gradual reform.
- Hiralal Sen is known as the first film maker in the Indian sub-continent. He was born in Manikgonj near Dhaka, Bangladesh. He was the son of a famous lawyer and from a Zamindar family. He grew up in Kolkata. In 1898, a film troupe en route to Paris screened a certain Professor Stevenson's short film along with the stage show, The Flower of Persia at the Star Theatre in Calcutta. Borrowing Stevenson's camera, Sen made his first film, "A Dancing Scene" from the opera The Flower of Persia. With assistance from his brother, Motilal Sen, he bought an Urban Bioscope from Charles Urban's Warwick Trading Company in London. In the following year, with his brother, he formed the Royal Bioscope company.
- Kasturba Gandhi was born on 11 April 1869 in Porbandar, Kathiawar Agency, British India. She was married to Mohandas K. Gandhi. She died on 22 February 1944 in Poona, Bombay Presidency, British India.
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Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) was born on October 2, 1869, into a Hindu Modh family in Porbanadar, Gujarat, India. His father, named Karamchand Gandhi, was the Chief Minister (diwan) of the city of Porbanadar. His mother, named Putlibai, was the fourth wife; the previous three wives died in childbirth. Gandhi was born into the vaishya (business caste). He was 13 years old when married Kasturbai (Ba) Makhanji, through his parents arrangement. They had four sons. Gandhi learned tolerance and non-injury to living beings from an early age. He was abstinent from meat, alcohol, and promiscuity.
Gandhi studied law at the University of Bombay for one year, then at the University College London, from which he graduated in 1891, and was admitted to the bar of England. His reading of "Civil Disobedience" by David Thoreau inspired his devotion to the principle of non-violence. He returned to Bombay and practiced law there for a year, then went to South Africa to work for an Indian firm in Natal. There Gandhi experienced racism: he was thrown off a train while holding a valid first class ticket and pushed to third class. Later he was beaten by a stagecoach driver for refusing to travel on the foot-board to make room for a European passenger. He was barred from many hotels because of his race. In 1894, Gandhi founded the Natal Indian Congress. They focused on the Indian cause and British discrimination in South Africa. In 1897, Gandhi brought his wife and children to South Africa. He was attacked by a mob of racists, who tried to lynch him. He refused to press charges on any member of the mob. Gandhi became the first non-white lawyer to be admitted to the bar in South Africa.
During the South African War, Gandhi was a stretcher barer. He organized the Indian Ambulance corps of 300 Indian volunteers and hundreds of associates to serve wounded black South Africans. He was decorated for his courage at the Battle of Spion Kop. At that time Gandhi corresponded with Lev Tolstoy and expressed his admiration of the Tolstoyan principles of non-violence. In 1906 Gandhi, for the first time, organized a non-violent resistance against the Transvaal government's registration act. He called upon his fellow Indians to defy the new law in a non-violent manner and suffer the punishment for doing so. He was jailed on many occasions along with thousands of his supporters. Peaceful Indian protests caused a public outcry and forced the South African General J. C. Smuts to negotiate a compromise with Gandhi. However, Gandhi supported the British in World War I and encouraged Indians to join the Army to defend the British Empire, in compliance with the full citizenship requirement.
Back in India, Gandhi became active in the struggle for Indian Independence. He spoke at the conventions of the Indian National Congress, becoming one of its leaders. In 1918, Gandhi opposed the increasing tax levied by the British during the devastating famine. He was arrested in Champaran, state Bihar, for organizing civil resistance of tens of thousands of landless farmers and serfs. In jail Gandhi was on a hunger strike in solidarity with the famine stricken farmers. Hundreds of thousands of his supporters gathered around the jail. Gandhi was addressed by the people as Mahatma (Great Soul) and Bapu (Father). He was released. Then he represented the farmers in negotiation with the British administration. His effort worked. The tax collection was suspended and all prisoners were released. He declared that all violence was evil after the Amritsar massacre of 379 civilians by British troops, which traumatized the Indian nation. As the leader of the Indian National Congress party Gandhi launched "Swaraj", a campaign for independence and non-cooperation with the British authorities. He urged Indians to replace British goods with their own fabrics and goods. He was imprisoned from 1922-1924, being released after an appendectomy. During that time a Swaraj party was formed by his anxious opponents; it later dissolved back into the Congress.
On New Year's Eve, December 31, 1929, the Indian National Congress unfurled it's flag of independence. Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru issued the Declaration of Independence on January 26, 1930. Gandhi planned to achieve stability through the secularization of India, as the only way of uniting Hindus and Muslims in one peaceful nation. The religious divide was growing under the British colonial rule, which prospered from the monopoly on the salt trade. Everyone needed salt. Gandhi wrote to the Viceroy, Lord Irwin: "If my letter makes no appeal to your heart, on the eleventh day of March I shall proceed with co-workers of the Ashram as I can take, to disregard the provisions of the Salt Laws. I regard this tax to be the most iniquitous of all from the poor man's standpoint. As the Independence movement is essentially for the poorest in the land, the beginning will be made with this evil."
From March 12 to April 6, 1930, Gandhi made the famous Satyagraha ("Satya" - truth, "Agraha" - persuasion), The Salt March to Dandi. He walked on foot to the ocean in protest against the British salt monopoly and salt tax. He led thousands of Indians on a 240 mile (400 km) march from Ashram Ahmetabad to the village of Dandi on the ocean to make their own salt. For 23 days the two-mile long procession was watched by every resident along the journey. On April 6, Gandhi raised a grain of salt and declared, "With this, I am shaking the foundations of the British Empire." Gandhi's plan worked because it appealed to people in every region, class, religion, and ethnicity. The successful campaign led to the reaction of the British government and imprisonment of over 60,000 people for making or selling salt without a tax. The British opened fire on the unarmed crowd and shot hundreds of demonstrators. Gandhi was arrested in his sleep on the night of May 4th, 1930. Eventually the British government, represented by Lord Irwin, signed the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in March 1931, agreeing to free all political prisoners. Gandhi was invited to London as the leader of the Indian National Congress, but he was disappointed with the British attempts to destroy his influence by dividing him from his followers.
Gandhi campaigned to improve the lives of the untouchables, whom he called Harijans (the children of God). He promoted equitable rights, including the right to vote in the same electorates as other castes. In 1934 Gandhi survived three attempts on his life. In 1936, he briefly resigned from the party, because his popularity was stifling the diversity of membership; ranging from communists and socialists to religious conservatives and pro-business groups. He returned to the head of the party with the Jawaharlal Nehru presidency. At the beginning of the Second World War Gandhi declared that India could not be a party to this war, unless it has independence. His "Quit India" campaign led to mass arrests on an unprecedented scale of struggle. He was arrested in Bombay (Mumbai) and was held for two years. During his captivity his wife passed away and his secretary also died. Gandhi was released in May of 1944, due to a necessary surgery. His campaign led to a release of over 100,000 political prisoners before the end of the war.
India won independence in 1947, followed by the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, and partition of India. Gandhi said, "Before partitioning India, my body will have to be cut into two pieces." About one million people died in the bloody riots until partition was reluctantly asserted by Gandhi as the only way to stop the Civil War. He urged the Congress Party to accept partition, and launched his last "fast-into-death" campaign in Delhi, calling for a stop to all violence. Gandhi also called to give Pakistan the 550,000,000 rupees in honor of the partition agreement. He tried to prevent instability and anger against India.
Gandhi was shot three times in the chest and died while on his way to a prayer meeting, on January 30, 1948. His assassins were convicted and executed a year later. The ashes of Mahatma Gandhi were split in portions and sent to all states of India to be scattered in rivers. Part of Gandhi's ashes rest in Raj Ghat, near Delhi, India. Part of Mahatma Gandhi's ashes are at the Lake Shrine in Los Angeles.- Director
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Dadasaaheb Phalke was born in 1870 in Trymbakeshwar in Nasik. He was born to a Sanskrit scholar, he studied at J.J. college of Art in Bombay and at Kala Bhavan, Baroda. He then studied architecture and became landscape painter of academic nature studies. He worked in a photographic studio and at Ratlam learned three-colour block making and ceramics. He then worked as a portrait photographer, stage make-up man, assistant to a German illusionist and as a magician! He was offered backing to start an Art Printing Press and his backers to acquaint him with the latest printing process arranged for him to go to Germany provided that he remain with the company. But by the time Phalke returned he knew that a printing career would not satisfy him. He raised loan from his friend and pledging his life insurance, Phalke went to England in 1912 to purchase the necessary equipment and acquaint himself with the technical aspects of filmmaking. When he returned from London he launched Raja Harishchandra about an honest king who for the sake of his principles sacrifices his kingdom and family before the gods impressed with his honesty restore him to his former glory and this movie was released in 1913. Later he produced Mohini Bhasmasur (1913),Satyavan Savitri (1914), Lanka Dahan (1917), Shri Krishna Janam (1918) and Kaliya Madan (1919). Due to changing tastes of movies and extreme commercialised atmosphere in film world, Phalke retired. Later in 1937 he produced Gangavataram (1937), but he had lost his magic. He died in Nasik, a forgotten man. But today he is considered as a pioneer of Indian cinema and a prestigious Indian film industry award is named after him.- He was son of Gagendranath thakur,an influential bengali artist.Like his father he grows interest towards painting at an early age.His works are now considered as a benchmark in Indian history of paintings.He was the founder of "Indian society of oriental art".Like his uncle,Rabindranath Tagore ,he left school at an early age.Besides being an artist,he was laso known for his novels Rajkahini,Buro Angla and Khirer Putul.Khirer Putul has got an adaptation in India as a television serial in Zee Bangla. His famous paintings includes "Passing of shah Jahan","Bharat Mata","End of a Journey".He was also vice chancellor of Vishwa Bharati university founded by Rabindranath Tagore.
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Atul Prasad Sen was born on 20 October 1871 in Dacca, Bengal Presidency, British India [now in Dhaka, Bangladesh]. Atul Prasad was a writer, known for Jadu Bansha (1974), Dekha (2001) and Jodi Love Dile Na Prane (2014). Atul Prasad died on 26 August 1934 in Lucknow, United Provinces, British India.- Shri Aurobindo was born on 15 August 1872 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India. He died on 5 December 1950 in Pondicchery, India.
- Ranjitsinhji was born on 10 September 1872 in Sarodar, Kathiawar, British India. He died on 2 April 1933 in Jamnagar Palace, British India.
- Nicholas Roerich was born on 9 October 1874 in St. Petersburg, Russia. He died on 13 December 1947 in Kullu, India.
- Known as the "Iron Man of India", Vallabhbhai Patel was born in Gujarat. He was the fourth of the six children of his father, Jhaveribhai. Patel is credited for being almost single-handedly responsible for unifying India on the eve of independence. He completed his matriculation at the age of 22 due to the poor financial condition of family. Patel had a desire to study to become a lawyer. So he started to work and save funds. He went to England to study law. He passed examinations within two years and travelled back to India. Patel started practicing as a barrister in Ahmadabad. In 1917, Patel was elected as the sanitation commissioner of Ahmadabad. He displayed extraordinary devotion to duty and personal courage in fighting an outbreak of plague and led a successful agitation for the removal of an unpopular British municipal commissioner. Inspired by the words of Gandhi, Patel started active participation in the Indian independence movement. In 1920, Patel was nominated and elected as the President of the Gujarat Pradesh Congress Committee where he served in the same post till 1945. In 1923 Patel acquired country-wide recognition after his successful leadership in the satyagraha in Nagpur against a law banning the raising of the Indian flag. In 1928 he led a successful campaign against the hike in the land revenue in Bardoli of Surat district. It was after this campaign that Vallabhbhai was given the popular title sardar. He played a vital role in the decision making process of All India Congress Committee. 1942 Vallabhbhai Patel was arrested for three years during Quit India Movement. After India's Independence 1947, Patel became India's first Home Minister and Minister of Information and Broadcasting. At the time of independence, India was divided into many parts mainly territories rules by hereditary rulers. It is due to Patel's relentless effort that results in successfully unification of more than 500 states with India. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel breathed his last on December 15, 1950 in Delhi after a massive heart attack. In 1991, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was awarded posthumously with India's highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna.
- Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay was born on 15 September 1876 in Debanandapur, Hooghly, Bengal Presidency, British India. Sarat Chandra was a writer, known for Devdas (2002), Dev.D (2009) and Swami (1977). Sarat Chandra died on 16 January 1938 in Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India.
- C.R. Rajagopalachari was born on 10 December 1878 in Salem, Madras Presidency, British India. He died on 25 December 1972 in Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Sarojini Naidu was born on 13 February 1879 in Hyderabad, Hyderabad State, British India. She was married to Dr. Muthyala Govindarajulu Naidu. She died on 1 February 1949 in Lucknow, United Provinces, India.
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Aga Hashr Kashmiri was born on 3 April 1879 in Benares, North-Western Provinces, British India. He was a writer and director, known for Wealth or Love (1922), Matri Snara (1922) and Sansar Chakra (1925). He died on 28 April 1935 in Lahore, Punjab, British India.- Ramana Maharshi was born on 30 December 1879 in Tiruchuzhi, Madras Presidency, British India. He died on 14 April 1950 in Sri Ramana Ashram, Tiruvannamalai, India.
- Rajshekhar 'Parashuram' Basu was born on 16 March 1880 in Bardhaman, Bengal Presidency, British India. Rajshekhar 'Parashuram' was a writer, known for The Philosopher's Stone (1958), The Holy Man (1965) and Chaar (2014). Rajshekhar 'Parashuram' died on 27 April 1960 in Calcutta [now Kolkata], West Bengal, India.
- Basanti Devi was born on 23 March 1880 in Assam Province, British India. Basanti was married to Chittaranjan Das. Basanti died in 1974 in India.
- He is one of the greatest Hindi writers. His stories gives the correct picture of village realities. He used his stories to great effect for social reforms. He married a child widow Shivarani Devi when widow marriages were considered as a sin in Indian society. He also wrote varios novels voicing for these social reforms. Early in his career he took up the government job of a school teacher to support his family. But in 1921 he resigned the job to take up Gandhi's call. He contributed to freedom movement through his writings. He changed his pen name to "Premchand" after his book Soje Vathan was banned by the then British government, which burned all the copies. In his writings the characters are always the ordinary people. When asked why he doesn't write anything about himself, he answered: "What greatness do I have that I have to tell anyone about? I live just like millions of people in this country; I am ordinary. My life is also ordinary. I am a poor school teacher suffering family travails. During my whole lifetime, I have been grinding away with the hope that I could become free of my sufferings. But I have not been able to free myself from suffering. What is so special about this life that needs to be told to anybody?". This is the greatness of the man.
- Bellari Raghava was born on 2 August 1880 in Bellary, British India. He was an actor, known for Draupadi Manasamrakshanam (1936), Raitu Bidda (1939) and Chandika (1940). He died on 17 April 1946 in Madras, [now Tamil Nadu], British India.
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John Foulds was born on 2 November 1880 in Hulme, Manchester, England, UK. John was a composer, known for Ally Was Screaming (2014), Åsa-Nisse på jaktstigen (1950) and Locomotives (1934). John died on 24 April 1939 in Calcutta, India.- Music Department
Swantantraveer Savarkar was born on 28 May 1883 in Bhagur, India. He is known for What About Savarkar? (2015). He died on 26 February 1966 in Mumbai, India.- Rajendra Prasad was born on 3 December 1884 in Ziradei, Siwan, Bihar, Bengal Presidency, British India. He died on 28 February 1963 in Patna, Bihar, India.
- Asaf Jah was born on 6 April 1886 in Purani Haveli, Hydrabad, India. He was married to Azamunnsia Begum, Gowlar Begum and Iqbal Begum. He died on 24 February 1967 in King Kothi Palace, Hydrabad, India.
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Ardeshir Irani was born on 5 December 1886 in Poona, Bombay Presidency, British India. He was a director and producer, known for The Light of the World (1931), Dokhtare Lor ya irane druz va emruz (1933) and Shahjehan (1924). He died on 14 October 1969 in Bombay, Maharashtra, India.