Chaos triumphant As many have already commented, this film plays fast and loose with the details of the English civil war. But as others have commented it's the best we've got. This story deserves the treatment given to Martin Chuzzlewit, played over 10-12 hours as a mini-series. The problem with this approach is that Dickens didn't leave us a literary treatment of the Commonweath. The story is dramatic, and in my opinion it's the most important political event in the last 500 years, but it's not suited for theater. Even Hugo had the good sense to confine his play "Cromwell" to a single incident, and through that to contemplate the character of the man.
So among a sea of inaccuracies created to produce a coherent drama, the story is accurate only in the broadest sense. Visually it's sweeping and well costumed. Many of Cromwell's aphorisms are preserved, and while he is the principal character his military action is generally confined to his historical role as cavalry commander. Fairfax is notably missing as the army commander - perhaps to limit the complexity of the story?.
As I view it, the English civil war was fought mainly over the issue of money. England's prestige in the world was wilting in the face of Hapsburg wealth (ie Spanish silver). Foreign influences - primarily those of the Catholic counter-reformation - were eroding England's control of Scotland and Ireland. The movie portrays all this decently enough. Alec Guinness excellently portrays the tortured, treacherous yet dignified Charles. In calling Parliament, he opens Pandora's box, and eventually stands alone amid the chaos.
The music.... I like contemporary English choral music, but somehow it seems inappropriate here. It's too bombastic, and out of context with the costumes and cinematography. Troops singing before battle, plainsong in church - fine - otherwise overdone musically.
The chaos of Parliament was well portrayed. As befitting the complexity of the story it is very difficult to follow what is going on in the sea of black and white. The Levellers outside, scheming. Charles ever devious - yet noble to the end, unwilling to plead with the court to save his life. The Parliamentary compulsion to find an executive in the absence of a king. And without one, a final scene of utter chaos.
The movie ends abruptly with a speech. A little bit of a letdown, but maybe it's the only way to tie off the even messier story that follows. Richard Harris exudes a sense of command throughout the film, but it is clear that he has arrived at a position of leadership to a larger degree by accident, skill and common sense rather than overweening ambition. He is prototypical of any number of world leaders to come, from Hitler to Churchill to George Bush, but I don't see that Harris is playing to mimic any contemporary stereotype. Rather I think he portrays the Calvinist/Puritan type well - quick and forceful to act in accordance with the rule of law.
I found this film hard to watch and fell asleep the first time through. I thought about it, and paid much closer attention on a second viewing.