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- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Alfred Joseph Hitchcock was born in Leytonstone, Essex, England. He was the son of Emma Jane (Whelan; 1863 - 1942) and East End greengrocer William Hitchcock (1862 - 1914). His parents were both of half English and half Irish ancestry. He had two older siblings, William Hitchcock (born 1890) and Eileen Hitchcock (born 1892). Raised as a strict Catholic and attending Saint Ignatius College, a school run by Jesuits, Hitch had very much of a regular upbringing. His first job outside of the family business was in 1915 as an estimator for the Henley Telegraph and Cable Company. His interest in movies began at around this time, frequently visiting the cinema and reading US trade journals.
Hitchcock entering the film industry in 1919 as a title card designer. It was there that he met Alma Reville, though they never really spoke to each other. It was only after the director for Always Tell Your Wife (1923) fell ill and Hitchcock was named director to complete the film that he and Reville began to collaborate. Hitchcock had his first real crack at directing a film, start to finish, in 1923 when he was hired to direct the film Number 13 (1922), though the production wasn't completed due to the studio's closure (he later remade it as a sound film). Hitchcock didn't give up then. He directed The Pleasure Garden (1925), a British/German production, which was very popular. Hitchcock made his first trademark film in 1927, The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) . In the same year, on the 2nd of December, Hitchcock married Alma Reville. They had one child, Patricia Hitchcock who was born on July 7th, 1928. His success followed when he made a number of films in Britain such as The Lady Vanishes (1938) and Jamaica Inn (1939), some of which also gained him fame in the USA.
In 1940, the Hitchcock family moved to Hollywood, where the producer David O. Selznick had hired him to direct an adaptation of 'Daphne du Maurier''s Rebecca (1940). After Saboteur (1942), as his fame as a director grew, film companies began to refer to his films as 'Alfred Hitchcock's', for example Alfred Hitcock's Psycho (1960), Alfred Hitchcock's Family Plot (1976), Alfred Hitchcock's Frenzy (1972).
Hitchcock was a master of pure cinema who almost never failed to reconcile aesthetics with the demands of the box-office.
During the making of Frenzy (1972), Hitchcock's wife Alma suffered a paralyzing stroke which made her unable to walk very well. On March 7, 1979, Hitchcock was awarded the AFI Life Achievement Award, where he said: "I beg permission to mention by name only four people who have given me the most affection, appreciation, and encouragement, and constant collaboration. The first of the four is a film editor, the second is a scriptwriter, the third is the mother of my daughter Pat, and the fourth is as fine a cook as ever performed miracles in a domestic kitchen and their names are Alma Reville." By this time, he was ill with angina and his kidneys had already started to fail. He had started to write a screenplay with Ernest Lehman called The Short Night but he fired Lehman and hired young writer David Freeman to rewrite the script. Due to Hitchcock's failing health the film was never made, but Freeman published the script after Hitchcock's death. In late 1979, Hitchcock was knighted, making him Sir Alfred Hitchcock. On the 29th April 1980, 9:17AM, he died peacefully in his sleep due to renal failure. His funeral was held in the Church of Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills. Father Thomas Sullivan led the service with over 600 people attended the service, among them were Mel Brooks (director of High Anxiety (1977), a comedy tribute to Hitchcock and his films), Louis Jourdan, Karl Malden, Tippi Hedren, Janet Leigh and François Truffaut.アルフレッド・ヒッチコック(1899–1980)(age 80)
●イギリス時代
1925 快楽の園 The Pleasure Garden
1926 山鷲 The Mountain Eagle
1927 下宿人 The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog
1927 ダウンヒル Downhill
1927 リング The Ring
1928 ふしだらな女 Easy Virtue
1928 農夫の妻 The Farmer's Wife
1928 シャンパーニュ Champagne
1929 マンクスマン The Manxman
1929 恐喝 Blackmail
1930 ジュノーと孔雀 Juno and the Paycock
1930 殺人! Murder!
1930 エルストリー・コーリング Elstree Calling
1931 スキン・ゲーム The Skin Game
1931 メアリー Mary
1932 第十七番 Number Seventeen
1932 リッチ・アンド・ストレンジ Rich and Strange
1933 ウィンナー・ワルツ Waltzes from Vienna
1934 暗殺者の家 The Man Who Knew Too Much
1935 三十九夜 The 39 Steps
1936 間諜最後の日 The Secret Agent
1936 サボタージュ Sabotage
1937 第3逃亡者 Young and Innocent
1938 バルカン超特急 The Lady Vanishes
1939 巌窟の野獣 Jamaica Inn
●アメリカ時代
1940 レベッカ Rebecca アカデミー作品賞
1940 海外特派員 Foreign Correspondent
1941 スミス夫妻 Mr. & Mrs. Smith
1941 断崖 Suspicion
1942 逃走迷路 Saboteur
1943 疑惑の影 Shadow of a Doubt
1943 救命艇 Lifeboat
1944 闇の逃避行 Bon Voyage
-----英国政府製作のフランス向け国策映画 26分
1944 マダガスカルの冒険 Aventure Malgache
-----上記同様 30分
1945 白い恐怖 Spellbound
1946 汚名 Notorious
1947 パラダイン夫人の恋 The Paradine Case
1948 ロープ Rope
1949 山羊座のもとに Under Capricorn
1950 舞台恐怖症 Stage Fright
1951 見知らぬ乗客 Strangers on a Train
1953 私は告白する I Confess
1954 ダイヤルMを廻せ! Dial M for Murder
1954 裏窓 Rear Window
1955 泥棒成金 To Catch a Thief
1955 ハリーの災難 The Trouble with Harry
1956 知りすぎていた男 The Man Who Knew Too Much
1956 間違えられた男 The Wrong Man
1958 めまい Vertigo
1959 北北西に進路を取れ North by Northwest
1960 サイコ Psycho
1963 鳥 The Birds
1964 マーニー Marnie
1966 引き裂かれたカーテン Torn Curtain
1969 トパーズ Topaz
1972 フレンジー Frenzy
1976 ファミリー・プロット Family Plot- Writer
- Director
- Second Unit Director or Assistant Director
After training as a painter (he storyboards his films as full-scale paintings), Kurosawa entered the film industry in 1936 as an assistant director, eventually making his directorial debut with Sanshiro Sugata (1943). Within a few years, Kurosawa had achieved sufficient stature to allow him greater creative freedom. Drunken Angel (1948) was the first film he made without extensive studio interference, and marked his first collaboration with Toshirô Mifune. In the coming decades, the two would make 16 movies together, and Mifune became as closely associated with Kurosawa's films as was John Wayne with the films of Kurosawa's idol, John Ford. After working in a wide range of genres, Kurosawa made his international breakthrough film Rashomon (1950) in 1950. It won the top prize at the Venice Film Festival, and first revealed the richness of Japanese cinema to the West. The next few years saw the low-key, touching Ikiru (1952) (Living), the epic Seven Samurai (1954), the barbaric, riveting Shakespeare adaptation Throne of Blood (1957), and a fun pair of samurai comedies Yojimbo (1961) and Sanjuro (1962). After a lean period in the late 1960s and early 1970s, though, Kurosawa attempted suicide. He survived, and made a small, personal, low-budget picture with Dodes'ka-den (1970), a larger-scale Russian co-production Dersu Uzala (1975) and, with the help of admirers Francis Ford Coppola and George Lucas, the samurai tale Kagemusha: The Shadow Warrior (1980), which Kurosawa described as a dry run for Ran (1985), an epic adaptation of Shakespeare's "King Lear." He continued to work into his eighties with the more personal Dreams (1990), Rhapsody in August (1991) and Madadayo (1993). Kurosawa's films have always been more popular in the West than in his native Japan, where critics have viewed his adaptations of Western genres and authors (William Shakespeare, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Maxim Gorky and Evan Hunter) with suspicion - but he's revered by American and European film-makers, who remade Rashomon (1950) as The Outrage (1964), Seven Samurai (1954), as The Magnificent Seven (1960), Yojimbo (1961), as A Fistful of Dollars (1964) and The Hidden Fortress (1958), as Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977).黒沢明 (1910–1998) (age 88)
1943年 姿三四郎
1944年 一番美しく
1945年 續姿三四郎
1945年 虎の尾を踏む男達
1946年 わが青春に悔なし
1947年 素晴らしき日曜日
1948年 醉いどれ天使
1949年 静かなる決闘
1949年 野良犬
1950年 醜聞
1950年 羅生門
1951年 白痴
1952年 生きる
1954年 七人の侍
1955年 生きものの記録
1957年 蜘蛛巣城
1957年 どん底
1958年 隠し砦の三悪人
1960年 悪い奴ほどよく眠る
1961年 用心棒
1962年 椿三十郎
1963年 天国と地獄
1965年 赤ひげ
1970年 どですかでん
1975年 デルス・ウザーラ
1980年 影武者
1985年 乱
1990年 夢
1991年 八月の狂詩曲
1993年 まあだだよ- Director
- Producer
- Editorial Department
Don Siegel was educated at Cambridge University, England. In Hollywood from the mid-'30s, he began his career as an editor and second unit director. In 1945 he directed two shorts (Hitler Lives (1945) and Star in the Night (1945)) which both won Academy Awards. His first feature as a director was 1946's The Verdict (1946). He made his reputation in the early and mid-'50s with a series of tightly made, expertly crafted, tough but intelligent "B" pictures (among them The Lineup (1958), Riot in Cell Block 11 (1954), Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956)), then graduated to major "A" films in the 1960s and early 1970s. He made several "side trips" to television, mostly as a producer. Siegel directed what is generally considered to be Elvis Presley's best picture, Flaming Star (1960). He had a long professional relationship and personal friendship with Clint Eastwood, who has often said that everything he knows about filmmaking he learned from Don Siegel.ドン・シーゲル (1912–1991) (age 78)
1945 Star in the Night
1945 Hitler Lives
1946 The Verdict
1949 暗闇の秘密 Night Into Night
1949 仮面の報酬 The Big Steal
1952 No Time For Flowers
1952 抜き射ち二挺拳銃 Duel at Silver Creek
1953 暗黒の鉄格子 Count The Hours
1953 中国決死行 China Venture
1954 第十一号監房の暴動 Riot in Cell Block 11
1954 地獄の掟 Private Hell 36
1955 USタイガー攻撃隊 An Annapolice Story
1956 ボディ・スナッチャー/恐怖の街 Invasion of the Body Snatchers
1956 暴力の季節 Crime in the Streets
1957 Spanish Affair
1957 殺し屋ネルソン Baby Face Nelson
1958 裏切りの密輸船 The Gun Runners
1958 殺人捜査線 The Lineup
1959 グランド・キャニオンの対決 Edge of Eternity
1959 疑惑の愛情 Hound Dog Man
1960 燃える平原児 Flaming Star
1961 突撃隊 Hell is for heroes
1964 殺人者たち The Killers
1964 犯罪組織 The Hanged Man
1967 太陽の流れ者 Stranger on the Oun
1968 刑事マディガン Madigan
1969 マンハッタン無宿 Coogan's Bluff
1969 ガンファイターの最後 Death of a Gunfighter
------アラン・スミシー名義(ロバート・トッテンと共に)
1970 真昼の死闘 Two Mules for Sister Sara
1971 白い肌の異常な夜 The Beguiled
1971 ダーティハリー Dirty Harry
1973 突破口! Charley Varrick
1974 ドラブル The Black Windmill
1976 ラスト・シューティスト The shootist
1977 テレフォン Telefon )
1979 アルカトラズからの脱出 Escape from Alcatraz
1980 ラフ・カット Rough Cut
1982 ジンクス Jinxed!- Director
- Writer
- Editor
An important British filmmaker, David Lean was born in Croydon on March 25, 1908 and brought up in a strict Quaker family (ironically, as a child he wasn't allowed to go to the movies). During the 1920s, he briefly considered the possibility of becoming an accountant like his father before finding a job at Gaumont British Studios in 1927. He worked as tea boy, clapper boy, messenger, then cutting room assistant. By 1935, he had become chief editor of Gaumont British News until in 1939 when he began to edit feature films, notably for Anthony Asquith, Paul Czinner and Michael Powell. Amongst films he worked on were Pygmalion (1938), Major Barbara (1941) and One of Our Aircraft Is Missing (1942).
By the end of the 1930s, Lean's reputation as an editor was very well established. In 1942, Noël Coward gave Lean the chance to co-direct with him the war film In Which We Serve (1942). Shortly after, with the encouragement of Coward, Lean, cinematographer Ronald Neame and producer 'Anthony Havelock-Allan' launched a production company called Cineguild. For that firm Lean first directed adaptations of three plays by Coward: the chronicle This Happy Breed (1944), the humorous ghost story Blithe Spirit (1945) and, most notably, the sentimental drama Brief Encounter (1945). Originally a box-office failure in England, "Brief Encounter" was presented at the very first Cannes film festival (1946), where it won almost unanimous praises as well as a Grand Prize.
From Coward, Lean switched to Charles Dickens, directing two well-regarded adaptations: Great Expectations (1946) and Oliver Twist (1948). The latter, starring Alec Guinness in his first major movie role, was criticized by some, however, for potential anti-Semitic inflections. The last two films made under the Cineguild banner were The Passionate Friends (1949), a romance from a novel by H.G. Wells, and the true crime story Madeleine (1950). Neither had a significant impact on critics or audiences.
The Cineguild partnership came to an end after a dispute between Lean and Neame. Lean's first post-Cineguild production was the aviation drama The Sound Barrier (1952), a great box-office success in England and his most spectacular movie so far. He followed with two sophisticated comedies based on theatrical plays: Hobson's Choice (1954) and the Anglo-American co-production Summertime (1955). Both were well received and "Hobson's Choice" won the Golden Bear at the 1954 Berlin film festival.
Lean's next movie was pivotal in his career, as it was the first of those grand-scale epics he would become renowned for. The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) was produced by Sam Spiegel from a novel by 'Pierre Boulle', adapted by blacklisted writers Michael Wilson and Carl Foreman. Shot in Ceylon under extremely difficult conditions, the film was an international success and triumphed at the Oscars, winning seven awards, most notably best film and director.
Lean and Spiegel followed with an even more ambitious film, Lawrence of Arabia (1962), based on "Seven Pillars of Wisdom", the autobiography of T.E. Lawrence. Starring relative newcomer Peter O'Toole, this film was the first collaboration between Lean and writer Robert Bolt, cinematographer Freddie Young and composer Maurice Jarre. The shooting itself took place in Spain, Morocco and Jordan over a period of 20 months. Initial reviews were mixed and the film was trimmed down shortly after its world première and cut even more during a 1971 re-release. Like its predecessor, it won seven Oscars, once again including best film and director.
The same team of Lean, Bolt, Young and Jarre next worked on an adaptation of Boris Pasternak's novel "Dr. Zhivago" for producer Carlo Ponti. Doctor Zhivago (1965) was shot in Spain and Finland, standing in for revolutionary Russia and, despite divided critics, was hugely successful, as was Jarre's musical score. The film won five Oscars out of ten nominations, but the statuettes for film and director went to The Sound of Music (1965).
Lean's next movie, the sentimental drama Ryan's Daughter (1970), did not reach the same heights. The original screenplay by Robert Bolt was produced by old associate Anthony Havelock-Allan, and Lean once again secured the collaboration of Freddie Young and Maurice Jarre. The shooting in Ireland lasted about a year, much longer than expected. The film won two Oscars; but, for the most part, critical reaction was tepid, sometimes downright derisive, and the general public didn't really respond to the movie.
This relative lack of success seems to have inhibited Lean's creativity for a while. But towards the end of the 1970s, he started to work again with Robert Bolt on an ambitious two-part movie about the Bounty mutiny. The project fell apart and was eventually recuperated by Dino De Laurentiis. Lean was then approached by producers John Brabourne and Richard Goodwin to adapt E.M. Forster's novel "A Passage to India", a book Lean had been interested in for more than 20 years. For the first time in his career; Lean wrote the adaptation alone, basing himself partly on Santha Rama Rau's stage version of the book. Lean also acted as his own editor. A Passage to India (1984) opened to mostly favourable reviews and performed quite well at the box-office. It was a strong Oscar contender, scoring 11 nominations. It settled for two wins, losing the trophy battle to Milos Forman's Amadeus (1984).
Lean spent the last few years of his life preparing an adaptation of Joseph Conrad's meditative adventure novel "Nostromo". He also participated briefly in Richard Harris' restoration of "Lawrence of Arabia" in 1988. In 1990, Lean received the American Film Institute's Life Achievement award. He died of cancer on April 16, 1991 at age 83, shortly before the shooting of "Nostromo" was about to begin.
Lean was known on sets for his extreme perfectionism and autocratic behavior, an attitude that sometimes alienated his cast or crew. Though his cinematic approach, classic and refined, clearly belongs to a bygone era, his films have aged rather well and his influence can still be found in movies like The English Patient (1996) and Titanic (1997). In 1999, the British Film Institute compiled a list of the 100 favorite British films of the 20th century. Five by David Lean appeared in the top 30, three of them in the top five.デヴィッド・リーン(David Lean、1908年3月25日 - 1991年4月16日)(満83歳没)
1945 陽気な幽霊 Blithe Spirit (1945)
1945 逢びき Brief Encounter (1945)
1946 大いなる遺産 Great Expectations (1946)
1948 オリヴァ・ツイスト Oliver Twist (1948)
1952 超音ジェット機 The Sound Barrier (1952)
1954 ホブスンの婿選び Hobson's Choice (1954)
1955 旅情 Summertime (1955)
1957 戦場にかける橋 The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957)
1962 アラビアのロレンス Lawrence of Arabia (1962)
1965 ドクトル・ジバゴ Doctor Zhivago (1965)
1970 ライアンの娘 Ryan's Daughter (1970)
1984 インドへの道 A Passage to India (1984)- Director
- Writer
- Producer
Stanley Kubrick was born in Manhattan, New York City, to Sadie Gertrude (Perveler) and Jacob Leonard Kubrick, a physician. His family were Jewish immigrants (from Austria, Romania, and Russia). Stanley was considered intelligent, despite poor grades at school. Hoping that a change of scenery would produce better academic performance, Kubrick's father sent him in 1940 to Pasadena, California, to stay with his uncle, Martin Perveler. Returning to the Bronx in 1941 for his last year of grammar school, there seemed to be little change in his attitude or his results. Hoping to find something to interest his son, Jack introduced Stanley to chess, with the desired result. Kubrick took to the game passionately, and quickly became a skilled player. Chess would become an important device for Kubrick in later years, often as a tool for dealing with recalcitrant actors, but also as an artistic motif in his films.
Jack Kubrick's decision to give his son a camera for his thirteenth birthday would be an even wiser move: Kubrick became an avid photographer, and would often make trips around New York taking photographs which he would develop in a friend's darkroom. After selling an unsolicited photograph to Look Magazine, Kubrick began to associate with their staff photographers, and at the age of seventeen was offered a job as an apprentice photographer.
In the next few years, Kubrick had regular assignments for "Look", and would become a voracious movie-goer. Together with friend Alexander Singer, Kubrick planned a move into film, and in 1950 sank his savings into making the documentary Day of the Fight (1951). This was followed by several short commissioned documentaries (Flying Padre (1951), and (The Seafarers (1953), but by attracting investors and hustling chess games in Central Park, Kubrick was able to make Fear and Desire (1952) in California.
Filming this movie was not a happy experience; Kubrick's marriage to high school sweetheart Toba Metz did not survive the shooting. Despite mixed reviews for the film itself, Kubrick received good notices for his obvious directorial talents. Kubrick's next two films Killer's Kiss (1955) and The Killing (1956) brought him to the attention of Hollywood, and in 1957 he directed Kirk Douglas in Paths of Glory (1957). Douglas later called upon Kubrick to take over the production of Spartacus (1960), by some accounts hoping that Kubrick would be daunted by the scale of the project and would thus be accommodating. This was not the case, however: Kubrick took charge of the project, imposing his ideas and standards on the film. Many crew members were upset by his style: cinematographer Russell Metty complained to producers that Kubrick was taking over his job. Kubrick's response was to tell him to sit there and do nothing. Metty complied, and ironically was awarded the Academy Award for his cinematography.
Kubrick's next project was to direct Marlon Brando in One-Eyed Jacks (1961), but negotiations broke down and Brando himself ended up directing the film himself. Disenchanted with Hollywood and after another failed marriage, Kubrick moved permanently to England, from where he would make all of his subsequent films. Despite having obtained a pilot's license, Kubrick was rumored to be afraid of flying.
Kubrick's first UK film was Lolita (1962), which was carefully constructed and guided so as to not offend the censorship boards which at the time had the power to severely damage the commercial success of a film. Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964) was a big risk for Kubrick; before this, "nuclear" was not considered a subject for comedy. Originally written as a drama, Kubrick decided that too many of the ideas he had written were just too funny to be taken seriously. The film's critical and commercial success allowed Kubrick the financial and artistic freedom to work on any project he desired. Around this time, Kubrick's focus diversified and he would always have several projects in various stages of development: "Blue Moon" (a story about Hollywood's first pornographic feature film), "Napoleon" (an epic historical biography, abandoned after studio losses on similar projects), "Wartime Lies" (based on the novel by Louis Begley), and "Rhapsody" (a psycho-sexual thriller).
The next film he completed was a collaboration with sci-fi author Arthur C. Clarke. 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) is hailed by many as the best ever made; an instant cult favorite, it has set the standard and tone for many science fiction films that followed. Kubrick followed this with A Clockwork Orange (1971), which rivaled Lolita (1962) for the controversy it generated - this time not only for its portrayal of sex, but also of violence. Barry Lyndon (1975) would prove a turning point in both his professional and private lives. His unrelenting demands of commitment and perfection of cast and crew had by now become legendary. Actors would be required to perform dozens of takes with no breaks. Filming a story in Ireland involving military, Kubrick received reports that the IRA had declared him a possible target. Production was promptly moved out of the country, and Kubrick's desire for privacy and security resulted in him being considered a recluse ever since.
Having turned down directing a sequel to The Exorcist (1973), Kubrick made his own horror film: The Shining (1980). Again, rumors circulated of demands made upon actors and crew. Stephen King (whose novel the film was based upon) reportedly didn't like Kubrick's adaptation (indeed, he would later write his own screenplay which was filmed as The Shining (1997).)
Kubrick's subsequent work has been well spaced: it was seven years before Full Metal Jacket (1987) was released. By this time, Kubrick was married with children and had extensively remodeled his house. Seen by one critic as the dark side to the humanist story of Platoon (1986), Full Metal Jacket (1987) continued Kubrick's legacy of solid critical acclaim, and profit at the box office.
In the 1990s, Kubrick began an on-again/off-again collaboration with Brian Aldiss on a new science fiction film called "Artificial Intelligence (AI)", but progress was very slow, and was backgrounded until special effects technology was up to the standard the Kubrick wanted.
Kubrick returned to his in-development projects, but encountered a number of problems: "Napoleon" was completely dead, and "Wartime Lies" (now called "The Aryan Papers") was abandoned when Steven Spielberg announced he would direct Schindler's List (1993), which covered much of the same material.
While pre-production work on "AI" crawled along, Kubrick combined "Rhapsody" and "Blue Movie" and officially announced his next project as Eyes Wide Shut (1999), starring the then-married Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman. After two years of production under unprecedented security and privacy, the film was released to a typically polarized critical and public reception; Kubrick claimed it was his best film to date.
Special effects technology had matured rapidly in the meantime, and Kubrick immediately began active work on A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001), but tragically suffered a fatal heart attack in his sleep on March 7th, 1999.
After Kubrick's death, Spielberg revealed that the two of them were friends that frequently communicated discreetly about the art of filmmaking; both had a large degree of mutual respect for each other's work. "AI" was frequently discussed; Kubrick even suggested that Spielberg should direct it as it was more his type of project. Based on this relationship, Spielberg took over as the film's director and completed the last Kubrick project.
How much of Kubrick's vision remains in the finished project -- and what he would think of the film as eventually released -- will be the final great unanswerable mysteries in the life of this talented and private filmmaker.スタンリー・キューブリック (1928–1999) (age 70)
1951 拳闘試合の日 Day of the Fight
1951 空飛ぶ牧師 Flying Padre
1952 海の旅人たち The Seafarers
1953 恐怖と欲望 Fear and Desire
1955 非情の罠 Killer's Kiss
1956 現金に体を張れ The Killing
1957 突撃 Paths of Glory
1960 スパルタカス Spartacus
1962 ロリータ Lolita
1964 博士の異常な愛情
------Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop
Worrying and Love the Bomb
1968 2001年宇宙の旅 2001:A Space Odyssey
1971 時計じかけのオレンジ A Clockwork Orange
1975 バリー・リンドン Barry Lyndon
1980 シャイニング The Shining
1987 フルメタル・ジャケット Full Metal Jacket
1999 アイズ・ワイド・シャット Eyes Wide Shut- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Richard firmly established his credentials with such epics as The Vikings (1958) , 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954) and Barabbas (1961) and also proved to be a master of intimate drama with Compulsion (1959) , which won Cannes Festival awards for the male stars. He won an Academy Award for one of his earliest films - a documentary Design for Death (1947) . In 1947 the rapidly rising director met Stanley Kramer and Carl Foreman who hired him for their first film together So This Is New York (1948) , One of his most memorable accomplishments 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954) which grossed well over $25 million since it's release in 1953.リチャード・フライシャー
1954 海底二万哩 20000 Leagues Under the Sea
1959 強迫/ロープ殺人事件(動機なき殺人) Compulsion
1963 バラバ Barabbas
1966 ミクロの決死圏 Fantastic Voyage
1967 ドリトル先生不思議な旅 Doctor Dolittle
1968 絞殺魔 The Boston Strangler
1969 ゲバラ! Che!
1970 トラ・トラ・トラ! Tora! Tora! Tora!
1971 ラスト・ラン The Last Run
1972 センチュリアン The New Centurions
1973 ザ・ファミリー The Don Is Dead
1973 ソイレント・グリーン Soylent Green
1974 マジェスティック Mr. Majestyk
1974 スパイクス・ギャング The Spikes Gang
1975 マンディンゴ Mandingo
1977 王子と乞食 Crossed Swords
1979 アシャンティ Ashanti
1980 ジャズ・シンガー The Jazz Singer
1984 キング・オブ・デストロイヤー/コナンPART2 Conan the Destroyer
1985 レッドソニア Red Sonja
1987 おかしなおかしな成金大作戦 Million Dollar Mystery- Writer
- Director
- Actor
Lucio Fulci, born in Rome in 1927, remains as controversial in death as he was in life. A gifted craftsman with a sharp tongue and a wicked sense of dark humor, Fulci achieved some measure of notoriety for his gore epics of the late 1970s and early 1980s, but respect was long in coming.
Abandoning his early career as a med student, Fulci entered the film industry as a screenwriter and assistant director, working alongside such directors as Steno and Riccardo Freda. Granted his debut feature in 1959, with a seldom seen comedy called I ladri (1959) (The Thieves), Fulci quickly established himself as a prolific craftsman adept at musicals, comedies and westerns.
In 1968, Fulci made his first mystery thriller, One on Top of the Other (1969), and its success was sufficient to garner the backing for his pet project The Conspiracy of Torture (1969). Based on a true story, the film details the trial of a young woman accused of murdering her sexually abusive father amid fear and superstition in 16th Century Italy. A scathing commentary on church and state, the film was the first to give voice to its director's passionate hatred of the Catholic Church. Predictably, the film was misunderstood, and Fulci's career was thrown into jeopardy. Deciding it would be best to leave his political feelings on the back burner, Fulci pressed on with a series of slickly commercial ventures.
In 1971 and 1972, Fulci re-established himself in the thriller arena, directing two excellent giallos: the haunting A Lizard in a Woman's Skin (1971) and the disturbing Don't Torture a Duckling (1972). The former, with its vivid hallucinations involving murderous hippies and vivisected canines, and the latter, with its psychotic religious zealots and brutal child killings, were -- to say the least -- controversial. In particular, Don't Torture a Duckling (1972), despite a huge box-office success, painted too graphic a portrait of perverted Catholicism, and Fulci's career was derailed... some would say, permanently. Blacklisted (albeit briefly) and despised in his homeland, Fulci at least found work in television and with the adventure genre with two financially successful Jack London 'White Fang' adventure movies in 1973 and 1974 which were Zanna Bianca, and Il ritorno di Zanna Bianca. Also during the mid and late 1970s, Fulci also directed two 'Spaghetti Westerns'; The Four of the Apocalypse... (1975) and Silver Saddle (1978), (Silver Saddle) and another 'giallo'; The Psychic (1977), as well as a few sex-comedies which include the political spoof The Eroticist (1972) (aka: The Eroticist), and the vampire spoof Dracula in the Provinces (1975) (aka: Young Dracula), and the violent Mafia crime-drama Contraband (1980).
In 1979, Fulci's film making career hit another high point with him breaking into the international market with Zombie (1979), an in-name-only sequel to George A. Romero's Dawn of the Dead (1978), which had been released in Italy as 'Zombi'. With its flamboyant imagery, graphic gore and moody atmospherics, the film established Fulci as a gore director par excellence. It was a role he accepted, but with some reservations.
Over the next three years, Fulci plied his trade with finesse and flair, rivaling even the popularity of his "opponent" Dario Argento, with such sanguine classics as City of the Living Dead (1980) and The Beyond (1981). Frequently derided as sheer sensationalism, these films, as well as the reviled The New York Ripper (1982) are actually intelligently crafted, with sound commentaries on everything from American life to religion. High on vivid imagery and pure cinematic style, Fulci's films from this period of the early 1980s represent some of his most popular work in America and abroad, even if they do pale in comparison to his 1972 masterpiece and personal favorite Don't Torture a Duckling (1972) (an impossible act to follow, as it happens).
In the mid-1980s, at the peak of his most prolific period, Fulci became beset with personal problems and worsening health. Much of his work from the mid-1980s onward is disappointing, to say the least, but flashes of his brilliance can be seen in works like Murder-Rock: Dancing Death (1984) and The Devil's Honey (1986). A Cat in the Brain (1990), one of Fulci's last works, remains one of his most original. Though strapped by budgetary restraints and marred by mediocre photography, the film is wickedly subversive and comical. With Fulci playing the lead role (as more or less himself, no less -- a harried horror director who fears that his obsession with sex and violence is a sign of mental disease), Fulci also proves to be an endearing and competent actor (he also has cameos in many of his films, frequently as a detective or doctor figure).
By the 1990s, Fulci went on a hiatus with film making for further health and personal reasons as the Italian cinema market went into a further decline. While in pre-production for the Dario Argento-produced The Wax Mask (1997), Lucio Fulci passed away at his home on March 13, 1996 at the age of 68. A serious diabetic most of his adult life, he inexplicably forgot to take his insulin before retiring to bed; some consider his death a suicide, others consider it an accident, but his many fans all consider it to be a tragedy. Whether one considers him to be a hack or a genius, there's no denying that he was unique.ルチオ・フルチ (1927–1996) (age 68)
1959 I ladri
1959 I ragazzi del juke box
1960 Urlatori alla sbarra
1962 Colpo gobbo all'italiana
1962 I due della legione
1962 Le massaggiatrici
1963 Uno strano tipo
1963 Gli imbroglioni
1964 I maniaci
1964 I due evasi di Sing Sing
1964 I due pericoli pubblici
1964 002 agenti segretissimi
1965 Come inguaiammo l'esercito
1965 002 operazione Luna
1965 I due parà
1966 Come svaligiammo la Banca d'Italia
1966 真昼の用心棒
------Le colte cantarono a morte e fu... tempo di massacro
1967 Come rubammo la bomba atomica
1967 Il lungo, il corto, il gatto
1967 奇想天外 泥棒大作戦 Operazione San Pietro
1969 One on Top of the Other
1969 Beatrice Cenci
1971 幻想殺人 A Lizard in a Woman's Skin
1972 All'onorevole piacciono le donne
1972 マッキラー Non si sevizia un paperino
1973 白い牙 Zanna Bianca
1974 名犬ホワイト 大雪原の死闘 Il Ritorno di Zanna Bianca
1975 荒野の処刑 I Quattro dell'apocalisse
1975 Il Cav.costante nicosia demoniaco,ovvero:dracula in brianza
1976 La pretora
1977 ルチオ・フルチのザ・サイキック Sette note in nero
1978 新・復讐の用心棒 Sella d'argento
1979 サンゲリア Zombi 2
1980 野獣死すべし Luca il contrabbandiere
1980 地獄の門 Paura nella città dei morti viventi
1981 ルチオ・フルチの恐怖!黒猫 Black Cat (Gatto nero)
1981 ビヨンド E tu vivrai nel terrore - L'aldilà
1981 墓地裏の家 Quella villa accanto al cimitero
1982 ザ・リッパー Lo Squartatore di New York
1982 マンハッタン・ベイビー Manhattan Baby
1983 SFコンクエスト 魔界の征圧 La conquista
1984 未来帝国ローマ Rome, 2072 A.D. the New Gladiators
1984 ルチオ・フルチのマーダロック Murderock - uccide a passo di danza
1986 イノセント・ドール 虜 Il Miele del diavolo
1987 怒霊界エニグマ Aenigma
1988 タッチ・オブ・デス 死の感触 Quando Alice ruppe lo specchio
1988 ルチオ・フルチのゴーストキラー Il Fantasma di Sodoma
1988 サンゲリア2 Zombi 3 (1988)
1989 ルチオ・フルチのホラー・ハウス La Dolce casa degli orrori
1989 ルチオ・フルチのクロック La Casa nel tempo
1990 Hansel e Gretel (1990) ※クレジットなし
1990 ナイトメア・コンサート Un Gatto nel cervello
1990 ルチオ・フルチの新デモンズ Demonia
1991 ルチオ・フルチの地獄の門2 Voci dal profondo
1991 ヘルクラッシュ! 地獄の霊柩車 Le Porte del silenzio- Director
- Producer
- Actor
Richard Donner was born on 24 April 1930 in The Bronx, New York City, New York, USA. He was a director and producer, known for Superman (1978), Ladyhawke (1985) and Superman II: The Richard Donner Cut (1980). He was married to Lauren Shuler Donner. He died on 5 July 2021 in Los Angeles, California, USA.リチャード・ドナー(1930年4月24日(84歳))
1959 ミステリーゾーン The Twilight Zone
1969 おませなツインキー Twinky
1976 オーメン The Omen
1978 スーパーマン Superman
1985 レディホーク Ladyhawke
1985 グーニーズ The Goonies
1987 リーサル・ウェポン Lethal Weapon
1988 3人のゴースト Scrooged
1989 リーサル・ウェポン2 Lethal Weapon 2
1992 ラジオ・フライヤー Radio Flyer
1992 リーサル・ウェポン3 Lethal Weapon 3
1994 マーヴェリック Maverick
1995 暗殺者 Assassins
1997 陰謀のセオリー Conspiracy Theory
1998 リーサル・ウェポン4 Lethal Weapon 4
2003 タイムライン Timeline
2006 16ブロック 16 Blocks- Director
- Writer
- Editor
Jean-Luc Godard was born in Paris on December 3, 1930, the second of four children in a bourgeois Franco-Swiss family. His father was a doctor who owned a private clinic, and his mother came from a preeminent family of Swiss bankers. During World War II Godard became a naturalized citizen of Switzerland and attended school in Nyons, Switzerland. His parents divorced in 1948, at which time he returned to Paris to attend the Lycée Rohmer. In 1949 he studied at the Sorbonne to prepare for a degree in ethnology. However, it was during this time that he began attending with François Truffaut, Jacques Rivette, and Éric Rohmer.
In 1950 Godard, with Rivette and Rohmer, founded "Gazette du cinéma", which published five issues between May and November. He wrote a number of articles for the journal, often using the pseudonym "Hans Lucas". After Godard worked on and financed two films by Rivette and Rohmer, Godard's family cut off their financial support in 1951, and he resorted to a Bohemian lifestyle that included stealing food and money when necessary. In January 1952 he began writing film criticism for "Les cahiers du cinéma". Later that year he traveled to North and South America with his father and attempted to make his first film (of which only a tracking shot from a car was ever accomplished).
In 1953 he returned to Paris briefly before securing a job as a construction worker on a dam project in Switzerland. With the money from the job, he made a short film in 1954 about the building of the dam called Operation Concrete (1958). Later that year his mother was killed in a motor scooter accident in Switzerland. In 1956 Godard began writing again for "Les cahiers du cinéma" as well as for the journal "Arts". In 1957 Godard worked as the press attache for "Artistes Associés", and made his first French film, All Boys Are Called Patrick (1959).
In 1958 he shot Charlotte and Her Boyfriend (1958), his homage to Jean Cocteau. Later that year he took unused footage of a flood in Paris shot by Truffaut and edited it into a film called A Story of Water (1961), which was an homage to Mack Sennett. In 1959 he worked with Truffaut on the weekly publication "Temps de Paris". Godard wrote a gossip column for the journal, but also spent much time writing scenarios for films and a body of critical writings which placed him firmly in the forefront of the "nouvelle vague" aesthetic, precursing the French New Wave.
It was also in that year Godard began work on Breathless (1960). In 1960 he married Anna Karina in Switzerland. In April and May he shot The Little Soldier (1963) in Geneva and was preparing the film for a fall release in Paris. However, French censors banned it due to its references to the Algerian war, and it was not shown until 1963. In March 1960 Breathless (1960) premiered in Paris. It was hugely successful both with the film critics and at the box office, and became a landmark film in the French New Wave with its references to American cinema, its jagged editing and overall romantic/cinephilia approach to filmmaking. The film propelled the popularity of male lead Jean-Paul Belmondo with European audiences.
In 1961 Godard shot A Woman Is a Woman (1961), his first film using color widescreen stock. Later that year he participated in the collective effort to remake the film The Seven Deadly Sins (1962), which was heralded as an important project in artistic collaboration. In 1962 Godard shot Vivre sa vie (1962) in Paris, his first commercial success since "Breathless". Later that year he shot a segment entitled "Le Nouveau Monde" for the collective film Ro.Go.Pa.G. (1963), another important work in the history of collaborative multiple-authored art.
In 1963 Godard completed a film in homage to Jean Vigo entitled The Carabineers (1963), which was a resounding failure with the public and stirred furious controversy with film critics. Also that year he worked on a couple of collective films: The World's Most Beautiful Swindlers (1964) (from which Godard's sequence was later cut) and Six in Paris (1965). In 1964 Godard and his wife Anna Karina formed their own production company, Anouchka Films. They shot a film called A Married Woman (1964), which censors forced them to re-edit due to a topless sunbathing scene shot by Jacques Rozier. The censors also made Godard change the title to "Une femme marié" so as to not give the impression that this "scandalous" woman was the typical French wife. Later in the year, two French television programs were produced in devotion to Godard's work.
In the spring of 1965 Godard shot Alphaville (1965) in Paris; in the summer he shot Pierrot the Fool (1965) in Paris and the south of France. Shortly thereafter he and Anna Karina separated. Following their divorce, Godard shot Made in U.S.A (1966), "Deux ou trois choses que je sais d'elle (1966)", "L'amour en l'an 2000" (1966) (a sequel to "Alphaville" shot as a sketch for the collective film "L'amour travers les ages" (1966)).
In 1967 Godard shot The Chinese (1967) in Paris with Anne Wiazemsky, who was the granddaughter of French novelist François Mauriac. During the making of the film Godard and Wiazemsky were married in Paris. Later in the year he was prevented from traveling to North Vietnam for the shooting of a sequence for the collective film Far from Vietnam (1967). He instead shot the sequence in Paris, entitled "Camera-Oeil". Also during 1967 Godard participated (as the only Frenchman) on an Italian collective film called Love and Anger (1969).
In 1968 Godard was commissioned by French television to make Joy of Learning (1969). However, television producers were so outraged by the product Godard produced that they refused to show it. In May of that year Henri Langlois was fired by the head of the French Jean-Pierre Gorin to form the Dziga-Vertov group, infuriating Godard. He became increasingly concerned with socialist solutions to an idealist cinema, especially in providing the proletariat with the means of production and distribution. Along with other militantly political filmmakers in the Dziga-Vertov group, Godard published a series of 'Ciné-Tracts' outlining these viewpoints. In the summer of 1968 Godard traveled to New York City and Berkeley, California, to shoot the film "One American Movie", which was never completed. In September he made a trip to Canada to start another film called "Communication(s)", which also went unfinished, and then made a visit to Cuba before returning to France.
In 1969 Godard traveled to England, where he made the film See You at Mao (1970) for BBC Weekend Television, but the network later refused to show it. In the late spring he traveled with the Dziga-Vertov group to Prague to secretly shoot the film "Pravda". Later that year he shot Lotte in Italia (1971) ("Struggle for Italy") for Italian television. It was never shown, either.
In 1970 Godard traveled to Lebanon to shoot a film for the Palestinian Liberation Organization entitled "Jusque à la victoire" (1970) ("Until Victory"). Later that year he traveled to dozens of American universities trying to raise money for the film. In spite of his efforts, it was never released.ジャン=リュック・ゴダール
1959 勝手にしやがれ À bout de souffle
1960 小さな兵隊 Le Petit soldat
1961 女は女である Une femme est une femme
1961 怠惰の罪 La Paresse
1962 女と男のいる舗道 Vivre sa vie: Film en douze tableaux
1963 新世界 Il Nuovo mondo
1963 カラビニエ Les Carabiniers
1963 軽蔑 Le Mépris
1964 はなればなれに Bande à part
1964 立派な詐欺師 Le Grand escroc
1964 恋人のいる時間
-----Une femme mariée: Suite de fragments d'un film tourné en
1965 アルファヴィル
-----Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution
1965 モンパルナスとルヴァロア Montparnasse-Levallois
1965 気狂いピエロ Pierrot le fou
1966 男性・女性 Masculin féminin: 15 faits précis
1966 メイド・イン・USA Made in U.S.A.
1966 彼女について私が知っている二、三の事柄
-----2 ou 3 choses que je sais d'elle
1967 未来展望 Anticipation, ou l'amour en l'an 2000
1967 カメラ・アイ Camera eye
1967 中国女 La Chinoise
1967 ウイークエンド Week End
1968 たのしい知識 Le Gai savoir
1968 ワン・アメリカン・ムービー One A.M.
1968 ワン・プラス・ワン Sympathy for the Devil
1968 放蕩息子たちの出発と帰還 L'Amore
1968 あたりまえの映画 Un film comme les autres ※
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1969 ブリティッシュ・サウンズ British Sounds
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1969 プラウダ (真実) Pravda
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1969 東風 Le Vent d'est
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1970 イタリアにおける闘争 Lotte in Italia
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1970 勝利まで Jusqu'à la victoire
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1970 ウラジミールとローザ Vladimir et Rosa
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1972 万事快調 Tout va bien
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1972 ジェーンへの手紙 Letter to Jane
-----「ジガ・ヴェルトフ集団」名義
1975 パート2 Numéro deux
1978 うまくいってる? Comment ça va?
1978 (TV)6x2』Six fois deux / Sur et sous la communication
1978 ヒア & ゼア こことよそ Ici et ailleurs
1979 勝手に逃げろ/人生 Sauve qui peut (la vie)
1982 パッション Passion
1982 (TV)「パッション」のためのシナリオ』Scénario du film 'Passion'
1982 映像を変えること Changer d'image
1982 カルメンという名の女 Prénom Carmen
1982 映画「こんにちは、マリア」のためのささやかな覚書
-----Petites notes à propos du film 'Je vous salue, Marie'
1984 こんにちは、マリア Je vous salue, Marie
1984 ゴダールのマリア Je vous salue, Marieの本篇
1985 ゴダールの探偵 Détective
1985 ソフト&ハード Soft and Hard
1986 ウディ・アレン会見 Meetin' WA 1986年
1968 (TV)映画というささやかな商売の栄華と衰退
-----Série noire: Grandeur et décadence d'un petit commerce de cinéma
1987 アルミード Armide 1987年
1987 右側に気をつけろ Soigne ta droite 1987年
1987 ゴダールのリア王 King Lear 1987年
1988 言葉の力 Puissance de la parole 1988年
1988 最後の言葉 Le dernier mot 1988年
1988 全員が練り歩いた On s'est tous défilé 1988年
1989 ダルティ報告 Le Rapport Darty
1990 ヌーヴェルヴァーグ Nouvelle vague
1990 芸術の幼年期 L'enfance de l'art
1991 インドネシア、トーマス・ワインガイのために Pour Thomas Wainggai, Indonésie
1991 新ドイツ零年 Allemagne 90 neuf zéro
1992 パリジェンヌ・ピープル Parisienne People
1993 ゴダールの決別 Hélas pour moi
1993 子どもたちはロシア風に遊ぶ Les Enfants jouent à la Russie
1995 JLG/自画像 JLG/JLG - autoportrait de décembre
1995 フランス映画の2×50年
-----Deux fois cinquante ans de cinéma français
1996 フォーエヴァー・モーツァルト For Ever Mozart
1996 TNSへのお別れ Adieu au TNS
1998 オールド・プレイス The Old Place
2000 二十一世紀の起源 L'Origine du XXIème siècle
2001 愛の世紀 Éloge de l'amour
2002 時間の闇の中で Dans le noir du temps
2002 (TV)自由と祖国 Liberté et patrie
2002 映画史特別編 選ばれた瞬間 Moments choisis des histoire(s) du
2003 シャン・コントル・シャン Champ contre Champ
2004 アワーミュージックNotre musique
2004 レフューズニクたちへの祈り Prières pour refuzniks
2006 Reportage amateur (maquette expo)
2006 偽造旅券Vrai-faux passeport
-----※ポンピドゥー・センターでのゴダール展のための作品
2006 この人を見よ Ecce homo
2006 Une bonne à tout faire (nouvelle version)
2008 演出家たちの日記 - ゴダール篇
-----TSR - Journal des réalisateurs : Jean-Luc Godard
2010 ゴダール・ソシアリスム Socialisme
2010 The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million
-----小説The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Millionの映画化- Writer
- Director
- Animation Department
René Laloux was born on 13 July 1929 in Paris, France. He was a writer and director, known for Fantastic Planet (1973), Time Masters (1982) and Les escargots (1966). He died on 14 March 2004 in Angoulême, Charente, France.ルネ・ラルー (1929–2004) (age 74)
1960 猿の歯 Les Dents du Singe 短編
1964 死の時間 Les Temps Morts 短編
1965 かたつむり Les Escargots 短編
1973 ファンタスティック・プラネット La Planète Sauvage
1981 時の支配者 Les Maîtres du temps
1987 ワン・フォはいかにして助けられたか Comment Wang-Fo fut sauvé 短編
1988 ガンダーラ Gandahar- Director
- Actor
- Writer
Roman Polanski is a Polish film director, producer, writer and actor. Having made films in Poland, Britain, France and the USA, he is considered one of the few truly international filmmakers. Roman Polanski was born in Paris in 1933.
His parents returned to Poland from France in 1936, three years before World War II began. On Germany's invasion in 1939, as a family of mostly Jewish heritage, they were all sent to the Krakow ghetto. His parents were then captured and sent to two different concentration camps: His father to Mauthausen-Gusen in Austria, where he survived the war, and his mother to Auschwitz where she was murdered. Roman witnessed his father's capture and then, at only 7, managed to escape the ghetto and survive the war, at first wandering through the Polish countryside and pretending to be a Roman-Catholic kid visiting his relatives. Although this saved his life, he was severely mistreated suffering nearly fatal beating which left him with a fractured skull.
Local people usually ignored the cinemas where German films were shown, but Polanski seemed little concerned by the propaganda and often went to the movies. As the war progressed, Poland became increasingly war-torn and he lived his life as a tramp, hiding in barns and forests, eating whatever he could steal or find. Still under 12 years old, he encountered some Nazi soldiers who forced him to hold targets while they shot at them. At the war's end in 1945, he reunited with his father who sent him to a technical school, but young Polanski seemed to have already chosen another career. In the 1950s, he took up acting, appearing in Andrzej Wajda's A Generation (1955) before studying at the Lodz Film School. His early shorts such as Two Men and a Wardrobe (1958), Le gros et le maigre (1961) and Mammals (1962), showed his taste for black humor and interest in bizarre human relationships. His feature debut, Knife in the Water (1962), was one of the first Polish post-war films not associated with the war theme. It was also the first movie from Poland to get an Oscar nomination for best foreign film. Though already a major Polish filmmaker, Polanski chose to leave the country and headed to France. While down-and-out in Paris, he befriended young scriptwriter, Gérard Brach, who eventually became his long-time collaborator. The next two films, Repulsion (1965) and Cul-de-sac (1966), made in England and co-written by Brach, won respectively Silver and then Golden Bear awards at the Berlin International Film Festival. In 1968, Polanski went to Hollywood, where he made the psychological thriller, Rosemary's Baby (1968). However, after the brutal murder of his wife, Sharon Tate, by the Manson Family in 1969, the director decided to return to Europe. In 1974, he again made a US release - it was Chinatown (1974).
It seemed the beginning of a promising Hollywood career, but after his conviction for the sodomy of a 13-year old girl, Polanski fled from he USA to avoid prison. After Tess (1979), which was awarded several Oscars and Cesars, his works in 1980s and 1990s became intermittent and rarely approached the caliber of his earlier films. It wasn't until The Pianist (2002) that Polanski came back to full form. For that movie, he won nearly all the most important film awards, including the Oscar for Best Director, Cannes Film Festival's Palme d'Or, the BAFTA and Cesar Award.
He still likes to act in the films of other directors, sometimes with interesting results, as in A Pure Formality (1994).ロマン・ポランスキー
1962 水の中のナイフ Nóz w wodzie
1964 世界詐欺物語 Le plus belles escroqueries du monde
1965 反撥 Repulsion
1966 袋小路 Cul-de-sac
1967 吸血鬼 The Fearless Vampire Killers
1968 ローズマリーの赤ちゃん Rosemary's Baby
1971 マクベス Macbeth
1972 ポランスキーの 欲望の館 What?
1974 チャイナタウン Chinatown
1976 テナント/恐怖を借りた男 The Tenant / Le Locataire
1979 テス Tess
1986 ポランスキーの パイレーツ Pirates
1988 フランティック Frantic
1992 赤い航路 Bitter Moon
1994 死と処女 Death and the Maiden
1999 ナインスゲート The Ninth Gate
2002 戦場のピアニスト The Pianist
2005 オリバー・ツイスト Oliver Twist
2007 それぞれのシネマ To Each His Own Cinema
2010 ゴーストライター The Ghost Writer
2011 おとなのけんか Carnage
2013 La Vénus à la fourrure- Writer
- Director
- Producer
"If they move", commands stern-eyed William Holden, "kill 'em". So begins The Wild Bunch (1969), Sam Peckinpah's bloody, high-body-count eulogy to the mythologized Old West. "Pouring new wine into the bottle of the Western, Peckinpah explodes the bottle", observed critic Pauline Kael. That exploding bottle also christened the director with the nickname that would forever define his films and reputation: "Bloody Sam".
David Samuel Peckinpah was born and grew up in Fresno, California, when it was still a sleepy town. Young Sam was a loner. The child's greatest influence was grandfather Denver Church, a judge, congressman and one of the best shots in the Sierra Nevadas. Sam served in the US Marine Corps during World War II but - to his disappointment - did not see combat. Upon returning to the US he enrolled in Fresno State College, graduating in 1948 with a B.A. in Drama. He married Marie Selland in Las Vegas in 1947 and they moved to Los Angeles, where he enrolled in the graduate Theater Department of the University of Southern California the next year. He eventually took his Masters in 1952.
After drifting through several jobs -- including a stint as a floor-sweeper on The Liberace Show (1952) -- Sam got a job as Dialogue Director on Riot in Cell Block 11 (1954) for director Don Siegel. He worked for Siegel on several films, including Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956), in which Sam played Charlie Buckholtz, the town meter reader. Peckinpah eventually became a scriptwriter for such TV programs as Gunsmoke (1955) and The Rifleman (1958) (which he created as an episode of Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre (1956) titled "The Sharpshooter' in 1958). In 1961, as his marriage to Selland was coming to an end, he directed his first feature film, a western titled The Deadly Companions (1961) starring \Brian Keith and Maureen O'Hara. However, it was with his second feature, Ride the High Country (1962), that Peckinpah really began to establish his reputation. Featuring Joel McCrea and Randolph Scott (in his final screen performance), its story about two aging gunfighters anticipated several of the themes Peckinpah would explore in future films, including the controversial "The Wild Bunch". Following "Ride the High Country" he was hired by producer Jerry Bresler to direct Major Dundee (1965), a cavalry-vs.-Indians western starring Charlton Heston. It turned out to be a film that brought to light Peckinpah's volatile reputation. During hot, on-location work in Mexico, his abrasive manner, exacerbated by booze and marijuana, provoked usually even-keeled Heston to threaten to run him through with a cavalry saber. However, when the studio later considered replacing Peckinpah, it was Heston who came to Sam's defense, going so far as to offer to return his salary to help offset any overages. Ironically, the studio accepted and Heston wound up doing the film for free.
Post-production conflicts led to Sam engaging in a bitter and ultimately losing battle with Bresler and Columbia Pictures over the final cut and, as a result, the disjointed effort fizzled at the box office. It was during this period that Peckinpah met and married his second wife, Mexican actress Begoña Palacios. However, the reputation he earned because of the conflicts on "Major Dundee" contributed to Peckinpah being replaced as director on his next film, the Steve McQueen film The Cincinnati Kid (1965), by Norman Jewison.
His second marriage now failing, Peckinpah did not get another feature project for two years. However, he did direct a powerful adaptation of Katherine Anne Porter's 'Noon Wine" for Noon Wine (1966)). This, in turn, helped relaunch his feature career. He was hired by Warner Bros. to direct the film for which he is, justifiably, best remembered. The success of "The Wild Bunch" rejuvenated his career and propelled him through highs and lows in the 1970s. Between 1970-1978 he directed The Ballad of Cable Hogue (1970), Straw Dogs (1971), Junior Bonner (1972), The Getaway (1972), Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid (1973), Bring Me the Head of Alfredo Garcia (1974), The Killer Elite (1975), Cross of Iron (1977) and Convoy (1978). Throughout this period controversy followed him. He provoked more rancor over his use of violence in "Straw Dogs", introduced Ali MacGraw to Steve McQueen in "The Getaway", fought with MGM's chief James T. Aubrey over his vision for "Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid" that included the casting of Bob Dylan in an unscripted role as a character called "Alias." His last solid effort was the WW II anti-war epic "Cross of Iron", about a German unit fighting on the Russian front, with Maximilian Schell and James Coburn, bringing the picture in successfully despite severe financial problems.
Peckinpah lived life to its fullest. He drank hard and abused drugs, producers and collaborators. At the end of his life he was considering a number of projects including the Stephen King-scripted "The Shotgunners". He was returning from Mexico in December 1984 when he died from heart failure in a hospital in Inglewood, California, at age 59. At a standing-room-only gathering that held at the Directors Guild the following month, Coburn remembered the director as a man "who pushed me over the abyss and then jumped in after me. He took me on some great adventures". To which Robert Culp added that what is surprising is not that Sam only made fourteen pictures, but that given the way he went about it, he managed to make any at all.サム・ペキンパー (1925–1984) (age 59)
1961年 『荒野のガンマン』 - The Deadly Companions
1962年 『昼下りの決斗』 - Ride the High Country
1965年 『ダンディー少佐』 - Major Dundee
1969年 『ワイルドバンチ』 - The Wild Bunch
1970年 『砂漠の流れ者/ケーブル・ホーグノバラード』 The Ballad of Cable Hogue
1971年 『わらの犬』 - Straw Dog
1972年 『ジュニア・ボナー/華麗なる挑戦』 - Junior Bonner
1972年 『ゲッタウェイ』 - The Getaway
1973年 『ビリー・ザ・キッド/21才の生涯』 - Pat Garret and Billy the Kid
1974年 『ガルシアの首』 - Bring Me the Head of Alfred Garcia
1976年 『キラー・エリート』 - The Killer Elite
1977年 『戦争のはらわた』 - Cross of Iron
1978年 『コンボイ』 - Convoy
1983年 『バイオレント・サタデー』 - The Osterman Weekend- Producer
- Director
- Actor
Martin Charles Scorsese was born on November 17, 1942 in Queens, New York City, to Catherine Scorsese (née Cappa) and Charles Scorsese, who both worked in Manhattan's garment district, and whose families both came from Palermo, Sicily. He was raised in the neighborhood of Little Italy, which later provided the inspiration for several of his films. Scorsese earned a B.S. degree in film communications in 1964, followed by an M.A. in the same field in 1966 at New York University's School of Film. During this time, he made numerous prize-winning short films including The Big Shave (1967), and directed his first feature film, Who's That Knocking at My Door (1967).
He served as assistant director and an editor of the documentary Woodstock (1970) and won critical and popular acclaim for Mean Streets (1973), which first paired him with actor and frequent collaborator Robert De Niro. In 1976, Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), also starring De Niro, was awarded the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival, and he followed that film with New York, New York (1977) and The Last Waltz (1978). Scorsese directed De Niro to an Oscar-winning performance as boxer Jake LaMotta in Raging Bull (1980), which received eight Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture and Best Director, and is hailed as one of the masterpieces of modern cinema. Scorsese went on to direct The Color of Money (1986), The Last Temptation of Christ (1988), Goodfellas (1990), Cape Fear (1991), The Age of Innocence (1993), Casino (1995) and Kundun (1997), among other films. Commissioned by the British Film Institute to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of cinema, Scorsese completed the four-hour documentary, A Personal Journey with Martin Scorsese Through American Movies (1995), co-directed by Michael Henry Wilson.
His long-cherished project, Gangs of New York (2002), earned numerous critical honors, including a Golden Globe Award for Best Director; the Howard Hughes biopic The Aviator (2004) won five Academy Awards, in addition to the Golden Globe and BAFTA awards for Best Picture. Scorsese won his first Academy Award for Best Director for The Departed (2006), which was also honored with the Director's Guild of America, Golden Globe, New York Film Critics, National Board of Review and Critic's Choice awards for Best Director, in addition to four Academy Awards, including Best Picture. Scorsese's documentary of the Rolling Stones in concert, Shine a Light (2008), followed, with the successful thriller Shutter Island (2010) two years later. Scorsese received his seventh Academy Award nomination for Best Director, as well as a Golden Globe Award, for Hugo (2011), which went on to win five Academy Awards.
Scorsese also serves as executive producer on the HBO series Boardwalk Empire (2010) for which he directed the pilot episode. Scorsese's additional awards and honors include the Golden Lion from the Venice Film Festival (1995), the AFI Life Achievement Award (1997), the Honoree at the Film Society of Lincoln Center's 25th Gala Tribute (1998), the DGA Lifetime Achievement Award (2003), The Kennedy Center Honors (2007) and the HFPA Cecil B. DeMille Award (2010). Scorsese and actor Leonardo DiCaprio have worked together on five separate occasions: Gangs of New York (2002), The Aviator (2004), The Departed (2006), Shutter Island (2010) and The Wolf of Wall Street (2013).マーティン・スコセッシ
1963年 君のような素敵な娘がこんなところで何してるの?
--------What's a Nice Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This?
1964年 It's Not Just You, Murray!
1967年 The Big Shave
1967年 ドアをノックするのは誰? Who's That Knocking at My Door
1970年 Street Scenes
1972年 明日に処刑を… Boxcar Bertha
1973年 ミーン・ストリート Mean Streets
1974年 Italianamerican
1974年 アリスの恋 Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore
1976年 タクシードライバー Taxi Driver
1977年 ニューヨーク・ニューヨーク New York, New York
1978年 American Boy: A Profile of Steven Prince ドキュメンタリー映画
1978年 ラスト・ワルツ The Last Waltz ドキュメンタリー映画
1980年 レイジング・ブル Raging Bull
1983年 キング・オブ・コメディ The King of Comedy
1985年 アフター・アワーズ After Hours
1986年 ハスラー2 The Color of Money
1986年 世にも不思議なアメージング・ストーリー Amazing Stories
1988年 最後の誘惑 The Last Temptation of Christ
1989年 ニューヨーク・ストーリー New York Stories
1990年 グッドフェローズ Goodfellas
1991年 ケープ・フィアー Cape Fear
1993年 エイジ・オブ・イノセンス/汚れなき情事 The Age of Innocence
1995年 カジノ Casino
1997年 クンドゥン Kundun
1999年 マーティン・スコセッシ 私のイタリア映画旅行 My Voyage to Italy
1999年 救命士 Bringing Out the Dead
2002年 ギャング・オブ・ニューヨーク Gangs of New York
2003年 フィール・ライク・ゴーイング・ホーム Feel Like Going Home
2003年 The Blues The Blues ドキュメンタリー映画
2004年 アビエイター The Aviator
2005年 ボブ・ディラン ノー・ディレクション・ホーム
--------No Direction Home: Bob Dylan ドキュメンタリー
2006年 ディパーテッド The Departed
2007年 The Key to Reserva
2008年 ザ・ローリング・ストーンズ シャイン・ア・ライト Shine a Light ドキュメンタリー
2009年 シャッター アイランド Shutter Island
2010年 Public Speaking Public Speaking ドキュメンタリー
2011年 ジョージ・ハリスンスラッシュリヴィング・イン・ザ・マテリアル・ワールド
--------George Harrison: Living in the Material World ドキュメンタリー
2011年 ヒューゴの不思議な発明 Hugo
2013年 ウルフ・オブ・ウォールストリート The Wolf of Wall Street- Producer
- Director
- Writer
Francis Ford Coppola was born in 1939 in Detroit, Michigan, but grew up in a New York suburb in a creative, supportive Italian-American family. His father, Carmine Coppola, was a composer and musician. His mother, Italia Coppola (née Pennino), had been an actress. Francis Ford Coppola graduated with a degree in drama from Hofstra University, and did graduate work at UCLA in filmmaking. He was training as assistant with filmmaker Roger Corman, working in such capacities as sound-man, dialogue director, associate producer and, eventually, director of Dementia 13 (1963), Coppola's first feature film. During the next four years, Coppola was involved in a variety of script collaborations, including writing an adaptation of "This Property is Condemned" by Tennessee Williams (with Fred Coe and Edith Sommer), and screenplays for Is Paris Burning? (1966) and Patton (1970), the film for which Coppola won a Best Original Screenplay Academy Award. In 1966, Coppola's 2nd film brought him critical acclaim and a Master of Fine Arts degree. In 1969, Coppola and George Lucas established American Zoetrope, an independent film production company based in San Francisco. The company's first project was THX 1138 (1971), produced by Coppola and directed by Lucas. Coppola also produced the second film that Lucas directed, American Graffiti (1973), in 1973. This movie got five Academy Award nominations, including one for Best Picture. In 1971, Coppola's film The Godfather (1972) became one of the highest-grossing movies in history and brought him an Oscar for writing the screenplay with Mario Puzo The film was a Best Picture Academy Award-winner, and also brought Coppola a Best Director Oscar nomination. Following his work on the screenplay for The Great Gatsby (1974), Coppola's next film was The Conversation (1974), which was honored with the Golden Palm Award at the Cannes Film Festival, and brought Coppola Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay Oscar nominations. Also released that year, The Godfather Part II (1974), rivaled the success of The Godfather (1972), and won six Academy Awards, bringing Coppola Oscars as a producer, director and writer. Coppola then began work on his most ambitious film, Apocalypse Now (1979), a Vietnam War epic that was inspired by Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness (1993). Released in 1979, the acclaimed film won a Golden Palm Award at the Cannes Film Festival, and two Academy Awards. Also that year, Coppola executive produced the hit The Black Stallion (1979). With George Lucas, Coppola executive produced Kagemusha: The Shadow Warrior (1980), directed by Akira Kurosawa, and Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985), directed by Paul Schrader and based on the life and writings of Yukio Mishima. Coppola also executive produced such films as The Escape Artist (1982), Hammett (1982) The Black Stallion Returns (1983), Barfly (1987), Wind (1992), The Secret Garden (1993), etc.
He helped to make a star of his nephew, Nicolas Cage. Personal tragedy hit in 1986 when his son Gio died in a boating accident. Francis Ford Coppola is one of America's most erratic, energetic and controversial filmmakers.フランシス・フォード・コッポラ
1963 ディメンシャ13 Dementia 13
1967 大人になれば… You're A Big Boy Now
1968 フィニアンの虹 Finian's Rainbow
1969 雨のなかの女 The Rain People
1972 ゴッドファーザー The Godfather
1973 カンバセーション…盗聴… The Conversation
1974 ゴッドファーザー PART II The Godfather Part II
1979 地獄の黙示録 Apocalypse Now
1982 ワン・フロム・ザ・ハート One From The Heart
1983 ランブルフィッシュ Rumble Fish
1983 アウトサイダー The Outsiders
1984 コットンクラブ The Cotton Club
1986 ペギー・スーの結婚 Peggy Sue Got Married
1986 キャプテンEO Captain EO
1987 友よ、風に抱かれて Gardens of Stone
1988 タッカー Tucker
1989 ニューヨーク・ストーリー New York Stories
1990 ゴッドファーザー PART III The Godfather Part III
1992 ドラキュラ Bram Stoker's Dracula
1996 ジャック Jack
1997 レインメーカー The Rainmaker
2007 コッポラの胡蝶の夢 Youth Without Youth
2009 テトロ 過去を殺した男 Tetro ※第7回ラテンビート映画祭で公開
2011 Virginia/ヴァージニア Twixt- Director
- Writer
- Producer
Friedkin's mother was an operating room nurse. His father was a merchant seaman, semi-pro softball player and ultimately sold clothes in a men's discount chain. Ultimately, his father never earned more than $50/week in his whole life and died indigent. Eventually young Will became infatuated with Orson Welles after seeing Citizen Kane (1941). He went to work for WGN TV immediately after graduating from high school where he started making documentaries, one of which won the Golden Gate Award at the 1962 San Francisco film festival. In 1965, he moved to Hollywood and immediately started directing TV shows, including an episode of the The Alfred Hitchcock Hour (1962); Hitchcock infamously chastised him for not wearing a tie.ウィリアム・フリードキン
1967 ソニーとシェールのグッド・タイムス Good Times
1968 誕生パーティー The Birthday Party
1968 The Night They Raided Minsky's
1970 真夜中のパーティー The Boys in the Band
1971 フレンチ・コネクション The French Connection
1973 エクソシスト The Exorcist
1977 恐怖の報酬 Sorcerer
1978 ブリンクス The Brink's Job
1980 クルージング Cruising
1983 世紀の取り引き Deal of the Century
1985 L.A.大捜査線/狼たちの街 To Live and Die in L.A.
1987 ランページ/裁かれた狂気 Rampage
1990 ガーディアン/森は泣いている The Guardian
1994 ハード・チェック Blue Chips
1995 ジェイド Jade
2000 英雄の条件 Rules of Engagement
2003 ハンテッド The Hunted
2006 BUG/バグ Bug
2011 キラー・スナイパー Killer Joe- Writer
- Director
- Actor
Woody Allen was born on November 30, 1935, as Allen Konigsberg, in The Bronx, NY, the son of Martin Konigsberg and Nettie Konigsberg. He has one younger sister, Letty Aronson. As a young boy, he became intrigued with magic tricks and playing the clarinet, two hobbies that he continues today.
Allen broke into show business at 15 years when he started writing jokes for a local paper, receiving $200 a week. He later moved on to write jokes for talk shows but felt that his jokes were being wasted. His agents, Charles Joffe and Jack Rollins, convinced him to start doing stand-up and telling his own jokes. Reluctantly he agreed and, although he initially performed with such fear of the audience that he would cover his ears when they applauded his jokes, he eventually became very successful at stand-up. After performing on stage for a few years, he was approached to write a script for Warren Beatty to star in: What's New Pussycat (1965) and would also have a moderate role as a character in the film. During production, Woody gave himself more and better lines and left Beatty with less compelling dialogue. Beatty inevitably quit the project and was replaced by Peter Sellers, who demanded all the best lines and more screen-time.
It was from this experience that Woody realized that he could not work on a film without complete control over its production. Woody's theoretical directorial debut was in What's Up, Tiger Lily? (1966); a Japanese spy flick that he dubbed over with his own comedic dialogue about spies searching for the secret recipe for egg salad. His real directorial debut came the next year in the mockumentary Take the Money and Run (1969). He has written, directed and, more often than not, starred in about a film a year ever since, while simultaneously writing more than a dozen plays and several books of comedy.
While best known for his romantic comedies Annie Hall (1977) and Manhattan (1979), Woody has made many transitions in his films throughout the years, transitioning from his "early, funny ones" of Bananas (1971), Love and Death (1975) and Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex * But Were Afraid to Ask (1972); to his more storied and romantic comedies of Annie Hall (1977), Manhattan (1979) and Hannah and Her Sisters (1986); to the Bergmanesque films of Stardust Memories (1980) and Interiors (1978); and then on to the more recent, but varied works of Crimes and Misdemeanors (1989), Husbands and Wives (1992), Mighty Aphrodite (1995), Celebrity (1998) and Deconstructing Harry (1997); and finally to his films of the last decade, which vary from the light comedy of Scoop (2006), to the self-destructive darkness of Match Point (2005) and, most recently, to the cinematically beautiful tale of Vicky Cristina Barcelona (2008). Although his stories and style have changed over the years, he is regarded as one of the best filmmakers of our time because of his views on art and his mastery of filmmaking.ウディ・アレン
1966 どうしたの、タイガー・リリー? What's Up, Tiger Lily?
1969 泥棒野郎 Take the Money and Run
1971 ウディ・アレンのバナナ Bananas
1972 誰でも知りたがっているくせに
ちょっと聞きにくいSEXのすべてについて教えましょう
------Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex But Were
Afraid to Ask
1973 スリーパー Sleeper
1975 ウディ・アレンの愛と死 Love and Death
1977 アニー・ホール Annie Hall
1978 インテリア Interiors
1979 マンハッタン Manhattan
1980 スターダスト・メモリー Stardust Memories
1982 サマー・ナイト A Midsummer Night's Sex Comedy
1983 カメレオンマン Zelig
1984 ブロードウェイのダニー・ローズ Broadway Danny Rose
1985 カイロの紫のバラ The Purple Rose of Cairo
1986 ハンナとその姉妹 Hannah and Her Sisters
1987 ラジオ・デイズ Radio Days
1987 セプテンバー September
1989 私の中のもうひとりの私 Another Woman
1989 ニューヨーク・ストーリー 第3話「エディプス・コンプレックス」
------Oedipus Wrecks (in New York Stories)
1989 ウディ・アレンの重罪と軽罪 Crimes and Misdemeanors
1990 アリス Alice
1992 ウディ・アレンの影と霧 Shadows and Fog
1992 夫たち、妻たち Husbands and Wives
1993 マンハッタン殺人ミステリー Manhattan Murder Mystery
1995 ブロードウェイと銃弾 Bullets Over Broadway
1996 誘惑のアフロディーテ Mighty Aphrodite
1997 世界中がアイ・ラヴ・ユー Everyone Says I Love You
1997 地球は女で回ってる Deconstructing Harry
1998 セレブリティ Celebrity
1999 ギター弾きの恋 Sweet and Lowdown
2000 おいしい生活 Small Time Crooks
2001 スコルピオンの恋まじない The Curse of the Jade Scorpion
2002 さよなら、さよならハリウッド Hollywood Ending
2003 僕のニューヨークライフ Anything Else)
2004 メリンダとメリンダ Melinda and Melinda
2005 マッチポイント Match Point
2006 タロットカード殺人事件 Scoop
2007 ウディ・アレンの夢と犯罪 Cassandra's Dream
2008 それでも恋するバルセロナ Vicky Cristina Barcelona
2009 人生万歳! Whatever Works
2010 恋のロンドン狂騒曲 You Will Meet a Tall Dark Stranger
2011 ミッドナイト・イン・パリ Midnight in Paris
2012 ローマでアモーレ To Rome with Love
2013 ブルージャスミン Blue Jasmine
2014 Magic in the Moonlight- Producer
- Writer
- Director
George A. Romero never set out to become a Hollywood figure; by all indications, though, he was very successful. The director of the groundbreaking "Living Dead" films was born February 4, 1940 ,in New York City to Ann (Dvorsky) and Jorge Romero. His father was born in Spain and raised in Cuba, and his mother was Lithuanian. He grew up in New York until attending the renowned Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, PA.
After graduation he began shooting mostly short films and commercials. He and his friends formed Image Ten Productions in the late 1960s and they all chipped in roughly $10,000 apiece to produce what became one of the most celebrated American horror films of all time: Night of the Living Dead (1968). Shot in black-and-white on a budget of just over $100,000, Romero's vision, combined with a solid script written by him and his "Image" co-founder John A. Russo (along with what was then considered an excess of gore), enabled the film to earn back far more than what it cost; it became a cult classic by the early 1970s and was inducted into the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress of the United States in 1999. Romero's next films were a little more low-key but less successful, including The Affair (1971), The Crazies (1973), Season of the Witch (1972) (where he met future wife Christine Forrest) and Martin (1977). Though not as acclaimed as "Night of the Living Dead" or some of his later work, these films had his signature social commentary while dealing with issues--usually horror-related--at the microscopic level. Like almost all of his films, they were shot in, or around, Romero's favorite city of Pittsburgh.
In 1978 he returned to the zombie genre with the one film of his that would top the success of "Night of the Living Dead"--Dawn of the Dead (1978). He managed to divorce the franchise from Image Ten, which screwed up the copyright on the original and allowed the film to enter into public domain, with the result that Romero and his original investors were not entitled to any profits from the film's video releases. Shot in the Monroeville (PA) Mall during late-night hours, the film told the tale of four people who escape a zombie outbreak and lock themselves up inside what they think is paradise before the solitude makes them victims of their own, and a biker gang's, greed. Made on a budget of just $1.5 million, the film earned over $40 million worldwide and was named one of the top cult films by Entertainment Weekly magazine in 2003. It also marked Romero's first work with brilliant make-up and effects artist Tom Savini. After 1978, Romero and Savini teamed up many times. The success of "Dawn of the Dead" led to bigger budgets and better casts for the filmmaker. First was Knightriders (1981), where he first worked with an up-and-coming Ed Harris. Then came perhaps his most Hollywood-like film, Creepshow (1982), which marked the first--but not the last--time Romero adapted a work by famed horror novelist Stephen King. With many major stars and big-studio distribution, it was a moderate success and spawned a sequel, which was also written by Romero.
The decline of Romero's career came in the late 1980s. His last widely-released film was the next "Dead" film, Day of the Dead (1985). Derided by critics, it did not take in much at the box office, either. His latest two efforts were The Dark Half (1993) (another Stephen King adaptation) and Bruiser (2000). Even the Romero-penned/Tom Savini-directed remake of Romero's first film, Night of the Living Dead (1990), was a box-office failure. Pigeon-holed solely as a horror director and with his latest films no longer achieving the success of his earlier "Dead" films, Romero has not worked much since, much to the chagrin of his following. In 2005, 19 years after "Day of the Dead", with major-studio distribution he returned to his most famous series and horror sub-genre it created with Land of the Dead (2005), a further exploration of the destruction of modern society by the undead, that received generally positive reviews. He directed two more "Dead" films, Diary of the Dead (2007) and Survival of the Dead (2009).
George died on July 16, 2017, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He was 77.ジョージ・A・ロメロ
1968 ナイト・オブ・ザ・リビングデッド Night of Living Dead
1971 There's Always Vanilla / The Affair
1972 悪魔の儀式 Hungry Wives /
1973 ザ・クレイジーズ 細菌兵器の恐怖 The Crazies
1974 O.J. Simpson: Juice on the Loose
1977 マーティン/呪われた吸血少年 MARTIN
1978 ゾンビ Dawn of the Dead
1981 ナイトライダーズ Knightriders
1982 クリープショー Creepshow
1985 死霊のえじき Day of the Dead
1988 モンキー・シャイン Monkey Shines
1990 マスターズ・オブ・ホラー/悪夢の狂宴 第1話 「ヴァルドマー事件の真相」
1993 ダーク・ハーフ The Dark Half
2000 URAMI 〜怨み〜 Bruiser
2005 ランド・オブ・ザ・デッド Land of the Dead
2007 ダイアリー・オブ・ザ・デッド Diary of the Dead
2009 サバイバル・オブ・ザ・デッド Survival of the Dead- Actor
- Director
- Writer
David Cronenberg, also known as the King of Venereal Horror or the Baron of Blood, was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in 1943. His father, Milton Cronenberg, was a journalist and editor, and his mother, Esther (Sumberg), was a piano player. After showing an inclination for literature at an early age (he wrote and published eerie short stories, thus following his father's path) and for music (playing classical guitar until he was 12), Cronenberg graduated from the University of Toronto with a degree in Literature after switching from the science department. He reached the cult status of horror-meister with the gore-filled, modern-vampire variations of Shivers (1975) and Rabid (1977), following an experimental apprenticeship in independent film-making and in Canadian television programs.
Cronenberg gained popularity with the head-exploding, telepathy-based Scanners (1981) after the release of the much underrated, controversial, and autobiographical The Brood (1979). Cronenberg become a sort of a mass media guru with Videodrome (1983), a shocking investigation of the hazards of reality-morphing television and a prophetic critique of contemporary aesthetics. The issues of tech-induced mutation of the human body and topics of the prominent dichotomy between body and mind were back again in The Dead Zone (1983) and The Fly (1986), both bright examples of a personal film-making identity, even if both films are based on mass-entertainment materials: the first being a rendition of a Stephen King best-seller, the latter a remake of a famous American horror movie.
With Dead Ringers (1988) and Naked Lunch (1991), the Canadian director, no more a mere genre movie-maker but a fully realized auteur, got the acclaim of international critics. Such profound statements on modern humanity and ever-changing society are prominent in the provocative Crash (1996) and in the virtual reality essay of eXistenZ (1999), both of which well fared at the Cannes and Berlin Film Festivals. In the last two film projects Spider (2002) and A History of Violence (2005), Cronenberg avoids expressing his teratologic and oneiric expressionism in favor of a more psychological exploration of human contradictions and idiosyncrasies.デヴィッド・クローネンバーグ
1969 ステレオ/均衡の遺失 Stereo
1970 クライム・オブ・ザ・フューチャー/未来犯罪の確立 Crimes of The Future
1975 デビッド・クローネンバーグのシーバース Shivers
1977 ラビッド Rabid
1979 ファイヤーボール Fast Company
1979 ザ・ブルード/怒りのメタファー The Brood
1981 スキャナーズ Scanners
1982 ヴィデオドローム Videodrome
1983 デッドゾーン The Dead Zone
1986 ザ・フライ The Fly
1988 戦慄の絆 Dead Ringers
1991 裸のランチ Naked Lunch
1993 エム・バタフライ M. Butterfly
1996 クラッシュ Crash
1999 イグジステンズ eXistenZ
2002 スパイダー/少年は蜘蛛にキスをする Spider
2005 ヒストリー・オブ・バイオレンス A History of Violence
2007 イースタン・プロミス Eastern Promises
2007 それぞれのシネマ To Each His Own Cinema オムニバス
2011 危険なメソッド A Dangerous Method
2012 コズモポリス Cosmopolis
2014 Maps to the Stars- Writer
- Director
- Producer
Dario Argento was born on September 7, 1940, in Rome, Italy, the first-born son of famed Italian producer Salvatore Argento and Brazilian fashion model Elda Luxardo. Argento recalls getting his ideas for filmmaking from his close-knit family from Italian folk tales told by his parents and other family members, including an aunt who told him frighting bedtime stories. Argento based most of his thriller movies on childhood trauma, yet his own--according to him--was a normal one. Along with tales spun by his aunt, Argento was impressed by stories from The Grimm Brothers, Hans Christian Andersen and Edgar Allan Poe. Argento started his career writing for various film journal magazines while still in his teens attending a Catholic high school. After graduation, instead of going to college, Argento took a job as a columnist for the Rome daily newspaper "Paese Sera". Inspired by the movies, he later found work as a screenwriter and wrote several screenplays for a number of films, but the most important were his western collaborations, which included Cemetery Without Crosses (1969) and the Sergio Leone masterpiece Once Upon a Time in the West (1968). After its release Argento wrote and directed his first movie, The Bird with the Crystal Plumage (1970), which starred Tony Musante and and British actress Suzy Kendall. It's a loose adoption on Fredric Brown's novel "The Screaming Mimi", which was made for his father's film company. Argento wanted to direct the movie himself because he did not want any other director messing up the production and his screenplay.
After "The Bird With the Crystal Plumage" became an international hit, Argento followed up with two more thrillers, The Cat o' Nine Tails (1971), starring 'Karl Madlen' (qv" and 'James Fransiscus', and Four Flies on Grey Velvet (1971) ("Four Flies On Black Velvet"), both backed by his father Salvatore. Argento then directed the TV drama Testimone oculare (1973) and the historical TV drama The Five Days (1973). He then went back to directing so-called "giallo" thrillers, starting with Deep Red (1975), a violent mystery-thriller starring David Hemmings that inspired a number of international directors in the thriller-horror genre. His next work was Suspiria (1977), a surreal horror film about a witch's coven that was inspired by the Gothic fairy tales of the Grimm Brothers and Hans Christian Anderson, which he also wrote in collaboration with his girlfriend, screenwriter/actress Daria Nicolodi, who acted in "Profondo Rosso" ("Deep Red") and most of Argento's films from then to the late 1980s. Argento advanced the unfinished trilogy with Inferno (1980), before returning to the "giallo" genre with the gory Tenebrae (1982), and then with the haunting Phenomena (1985).
The lukewarm reviews for his films, however, caused Argento to slip away from directing to producing and co-writing two Lamberto Bava horror flicks, Demons (1985) and Demons 2 (1986). Argento returned to directing with the "giallo" thriller Opera (1987), which according to him was "a very unpleasant experience", and no wonder: a rash of technical problems delayed production, the lead actress Vanessa Redgrave dropped out before filming was to begin, Argento's father Salvatore died during filming and his long-term girlfriend Daria broke off their relationship. After the commercial box-office failure of "Opera", Argento temporarily settled in the US, where he collaborated with director George A. Romero on the two-part horror-thriller Two Evil Eyes (1990) (he had previously collaborated with Romero on the horror action thriller Dawn of the Dead (1978)). While still living in America, Argento appeared in small roles in several films and directed another violent mystery thriller, Trauma (1993), which starred his youngest daughter Asia Argento from his long-term relationship with Nicolodi.
Argento returned to Italy in 1995, where he made a comeback in the horror genre with The Stendhal Syndrome (1996) and then with another version of "The Phantom of the Opera", The Phantom of the Opera (1998), both of which starred Asia. Most recently, Argento directed a number of "giallo" mystery thrillers such as Sleepless (2001), The Card Player (2003) and Do You Like Hitchcock? (2005), as well as two gory, supernatural-themed episodes of the USA TV cable anthology series Masters of Horror (2005).
Having always wanted to make a third chapter to his "Three Mothers" horror films, Argento finally completed the trilogy in 2007 with the release of Mother of Tears (2007), which starred Asia Argento as a young woman trying to identify and stop the last surviving evil witch from taking over the world. In addition to his Gothic and violent style of storytelling, "La terza madre" has many references to two of his previous films, "Suspiria" (1997) and "Inferno" (1980), which is a must for fans of the trilogy.
His movies may be regarded by some critics and opponents as cheap and overly violent, but second or third viewings show him to be a talented writer/director with a penchant for original ideas and creative directing.ダリオ・アルジェント
1970 『歓びの毒牙』 L'uccello dalle piume di cristallo
1971 『わたしは目撃者』 Il gatto a nove code
1971 『4匹の蝿』 4 mosche di velluto grigio
1973 『ビッグ・ファイブ・デイ』 Le cinque giornate
1975 『サスペリアPART2/紅い深淵』 Profondo Rosso
1977 『サスペリア』 Suspiria
1980 『インフェルノ』 Inferno
1982 『シャドー』 Tenebre
1985 『フェノミナ』 Phenomena
1987 『オペラ座/血の喝采』 Opera
1990 『マスターズ・オブ・ホラー/悪夢の狂宴』 Two Evil Eyes
------第2話 「黒猫」 "Due occhi diabolici"
1993 『トラウマ/鮮血の叫び』 Trauma
1996 『スタンダール・シンドローム』 The Stendhal Syndrome
1998 『オペラ座の怪人』 Il fantasma dell'opera
2001 『スリープレス』 Non ho sonno
2004 『デス・サイト』 Il cartaio
2005 (TV)『Do you like Hitchcook? ドゥー・ユー・ライク・ヒッチコック?Ti piace Hitchcock?
2005 (TV)『マスターズ・オブ・ホラー』 Masters of Horror
------「愛しのジェニファー」 "Jenifer"
------「愛と欲望の毛皮」 "Pelts"
2007 『サスペリア・テルザ 最後の魔女』 La terza madre
2009 『ジャーロ』 Giallo
2011 『ドラキュラ3D』 Dracula 3D- Writer
- Producer
- Director
George Walton Lucas, Jr. was raised on a walnut ranch in Modesto, California. His father was a stationery store owner and he had three siblings. During his late teen years, he went to Thomas Downey High School and was very much interested in drag racing. He planned to become a professional racecar driver. However, a terrible car accident just after his high school graduation ended that dream permanently. The accident changed his views on life.
He decided to attend Modesto Junior College before enrolling in the University of Southern California film school. As a film student, he made several short films including Electronic Labyrinth THX 1138 4EB (1967) which won first prize at the 1967-68 National Student Film Festival. In 1967, he was awarded a scholarship by Warner Brothers to observe the making of Finian's Rainbow (1968) which was being directed by Francis Ford Coppola. Lucas and Coppola became good friends and formed American Zoetrope in 1969. The company's first project was Lucas' full-length version of THX 1138 (1971). In 1971, Coppola went into production for The Godfather (1972), and Lucas formed his own company, Lucasfilm Ltd.
In 1973, he wrote and directed the semiautobiographical American Graffiti (1973) which won the Golden Globe and garnered five Academy Award nominations. This gave him the clout he needed for his next daring venture. From 1973 to 1974, he began writing the screenplay which became Star Wars: Episode IV - A New Hope (1977). He was inspired to make this movie from Flash Gordon and the Planet of the Apes films. In 1975, he established ILM. (Industrial Light & Magic) to produce the visual effects needed for the movie. Another company called Sprocket Systems was established to edit and mix Star Wars and later becomes known as Skywalker Sound. His movie was turned down by several studios until 20th Century Fox gave him a chance. Lucas agreed to forego his directing salary in exchange for 40% of the film's box-office take and all merchandising rights. The movie went on to break all box office records and earned seven Academy Awards. It redefined the term "blockbuster" and the rest is history.
Lucas made the other Star Wars films and along with Steven Spielberg created the Indiana Jones series which made box office records of their own. From 1980 to 1985, Lucas was busy with the construction of Skywalker Ranch, built to accommodate the creative, technical, and administrative needs of Lucasfilm. Lucas also revolutionized movie theaters with the THX system which was created to maintain the highest quality standards in motion picture viewing.
He went on to produce several more movies that have introduced major innovations in filmmaking technology. He is chairman of the board of the George Lucas Educational Foundation. In 1992, George Lucas was honored with the Irving G. Thalberg Award by the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for his lifetime achievement.
He reentered the directing chair with the production of the highly-anticipated Star Wars prequel trilogy beginning with Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace (1999) . The films have been polarizing for fans and critics alike, but were commercially successful and have become a part of culture. The animated spin-off series Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008) was supervised by Lucas. He sold Lucasfilm to Disney in 2012, making co-chair Kathleen Kennedy president. He has attended the premieres of new Star Wars films and been generally supportive of them.ジョージ・ルーカス
1970 THX 1138 THX1138
1973 アメリカン・グラフィティ American Graffiti
1977 スター・ウォーズ Star Wars
1980 スター・ウォーズ/帝国の逆襲
------Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back
1983 スター・ウォーズ/ジェダイの帰還
------Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi
1984 インディ・ジョーンズ/魔宮の伝説 Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
1985 Mishima: A Life In Four Chapters
1988 タッカー Tucker: The Man and His Dream
1999 スター・ウォーズ エピソード1/ファントム・メナス
------Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace
2002 スター・ウォーズ エピソード2/クローンの攻撃
------Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones
2005 スター・ウォーズ エピソード3/シスの復讐
------Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the sith- Director
- Producer
- Writer
Paul Verhoeven graduated from the University of Leiden, with a degree in math and physics. He entered the Royal Netherlands Navy, where he began his film career by making documentaries for the Navy and later for TV. In 1969, he directed the popular Dutch TV series, Floris (1969), about a medieval knight. This featured actor Rutger Hauer, who has appeared in many of Verhoeven's later films. Verhoeven's first feature, Wat zien ik (1971) (trans. "What do I See?"), was released in 1971. However, it was his second, Turkish Delight (1973), with its combination of raw sexuality and a poignant story-line, that gained him great popularity in the Netherlands, especially with male audiences. When his films, especially Soldier of Orange (1977) and The 4th Man (1983), received international recognition, Verhoeven moved to the US. His first US film was Flesh+Blood (1985) in 1985, but it was RoboCop (1987) and, especially, Total Recall (1990) that made him a big box office success. Sometimes accused of portraying excessive violence in his films, Verhoeven replies that he is only recording the violence of society. Verhoeven has co-scripted two of his films: Soldier of Orange (1977) and Flesh+Blood (1985). He also directed an episode of the HBO The Hitchhiker (1983) TV series. Several of his films have been photographed by Jost Vacano, including the hit cult film, Starship Troopers (1997), starring Casper Van Dien.ポール・バーホーベン
1971 Wat Zien Ik?
1973 ルトガー・ハウアー/危険な愛 Turks fruit
1975 娼婦ケティ Keetje Tippel
1977 女王陛下の戦士 Soldaat van Oranje
1980 SPETTERS/スペッターズ Spetters
1982 4番目の男 De Vierde man
1985 グレート・ウォリアーズ/欲望の剣 Flesh & Blood
1987 ロボコップ Robocop
1990 トータル・リコール Total Recall
1992 氷の微笑 Basic Instinct
1995 ショーガール Showgirls
1997 スターシップ・トゥルーパーズ Starship Troopers
2000 インビジブル Hollow Man
2006 ブラックブック Black Book
2012 ポール・ヴァーホーヴェン/トリック Tricked- Actor
- Producer
- Director
Clinton Eastwood Jr. was born May 31, 1930 in San Francisco, to Clinton Eastwood Sr., a bond salesman and later manufacturing executive for Georgia-Pacific Corporation, and Ruth Wood (née Margret Ruth Runner), a housewife turned IBM clerk. He grew up in nearby Piedmont. At school Clint took interest in music and mechanics, but was an otherwise bored student; this resulted in being held back a grade. In 1949, the year he is said to have graduated from high school, his parents and younger sister Jeanne moved to Seattle. Clint spent a couple years in the Pacific Northwest himself, operating log broncs in Springfield, Oregon, with summer gigs life-guarding in Renton, Washington. Returning to California in 1951, he did a two-year stint at Fort Ord Military Reservation and later enrolled at L.A. City College, but dropped out to pursue acting.
During the mid-1950s he landed uncredited bit parts in such B-films as Revenge of the Creature (1955) and Tarantula (1955) while digging swimming pools and driving a garbage truck to supplement his income. In 1958, he landed his first consequential acting role in the long-running TV show Rawhide (1959) with Eric Fleming. Although only a secondary player the first seven seasons, he was promoted to series star when Fleming departed--both literally and figuratively--in its final year, along the way becoming a recognizable face to television viewers around the country.
Eastwood's big-screen breakthrough came as The Man with No Name in Sergio Leone's trilogy of excellent spaghetti westerns: A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), and The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966). The movies were shown exclusively in Italy during their respective copyright years with Enrico Maria Salerno providing the voice of Eastwood's character, finally getting American distribution in 1967-68. As the last film racked up respectable grosses, Eastwood, 37, rose from a barely registering actor to sought-after commodity in just a matter of months. Again a success was the late-blooming star's first U.S.-made western, Hang 'Em High (1968). He followed that up with the lead role in Coogan's Bluff (1968) (the loose inspiration for the TV series McCloud (1970)), before playing second fiddle to Richard Burton in the World War II epic Where Eagles Dare (1968) and Lee Marvin in the bizarre musical Paint Your Wagon (1969). In Two Mules for Sister Sara (1970) and Kelly's Heroes (1970), Eastwood leaned in an experimental direction by combining tough-guy action with offbeat humor.
1971 proved to be his busiest year in film. He starred as a sleazy Union soldier in The Beguiled (1971) to critical acclaim, and made his directorial debut with the classic erotic thriller Play Misty for Me (1971). His role as the hard edge police inspector in Dirty Harry (1971), meanwhile, boosted him to cultural icon status and helped popularize the loose-cannon cop genre. Eastwood put out a steady stream of entertaining movies thereafter: the westerns Joe Kidd (1972), High Plains Drifter (1973) and The Outlaw Josey Wales (1976) (his first of six onscreen collaborations with then live-in love Sondra Locke), the Dirty Harry sequels Magnum Force (1973) and The Enforcer (1976), the action-packed road adventures Thunderbolt and Lightfoot (1974) and The Gauntlet (1977), and the prison film Escape from Alcatraz (1979). He branched out into the comedy genre in 1978 with Every Which Way But Loose (1978), which became the biggest hit of his career up to that time; taking inflation into account, it still is. In short, The Eiger Sanction (1975) notwithstanding, the 1970s were nonstop success for Eastwood.
Eastwood kicked off the 1980s with Any Which Way You Can (1980), the blockbuster sequel to Every Which Way but Loose. The fourth Dirty Harry film, Sudden Impact (1983), was the highest-grossing film of the franchise and spawned his trademark catchphrase: "Make my day." He also starred in Bronco Billy (1980), Firefox (1982), Tightrope (1984), City Heat (1984), Pale Rider (1985) and Heartbreak Ridge (1986), all of which were solid hits, with Honkytonk Man (1982) being his only commercial failure of the period. In 1988, he did his fifth and final Dirty Harry movie, The Dead Pool (1988). Although it was a success overall, it did not have the box office punch the previous films had. About this time, with outright bombs like Pink Cadillac (1989) and The Rookie (1990), it seemed Eastwood's star was declining as it never had before. He then started taking on low-key projects, directing Bird (1988), a biopic of Charlie Parker that earned him a Golden Globe, and starring in and directing White Hunter Black Heart (1990), an uneven, loose biopic of John Huston (both films had a limited release).
Eastwood bounced back big time with his dark western Unforgiven (1992), which garnered the then 62-year-old his first ever Academy Award nomination (Best Actor), and an Oscar win for Best Director. Churning out a quick follow-up hit, he took on the secret service in In the Line of Fire (1993), then accepted second billing for the first time since 1970 in the interesting but poorly received A Perfect World (1993) with Kevin Costner. Next was a love story, The Bridges of Madison County (1995), where Eastwood surprised audiences with a sensitive performance alongside none other than Meryl Streep. But it soon became apparent he was going backwards after his brief revival. Subsequent films were credible, but nothing really stuck out. Absolute Power (1997) and Space Cowboys (2000) did well enough, while True Crime (1999) and Blood Work (2002) were received badly, as was Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil (1997), which he directed but didn't appear in.
Eastwood surprised again in the mid-2000s, returning to the top of the A-list with Million Dollar Baby (2004). Also starring Hilary Swank and Morgan Freeman, the hugely successful drama won four Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director for Eastwood. He scored his second Best Actor nomination, too. His next starring vehicle, Gran Torino (2008), earned almost $30 million in its opening weekend and was his highest grosser unadjusted for inflation. 2012 saw him in a rare lighthearted movie, Trouble with the Curve (2012), as well as a reality show, Mrs. Eastwood & Company (2012).
Between acting jobs, he chalked up an impressive list of credits behind the camera. He directed Mystic River (2003) (in which Sean Penn and Tim Robbins gave Oscar-winning performances), Flags of Our Fathers (2006), Letters from Iwo Jima (2006) (nominated for the Best Picture Oscar), Changeling (2008) (a vehicle for Angelina Jolie), Invictus (2009) (again with Freeman), Hereafter (2010), J. Edgar (2011), Jersey Boys (2014), American Sniper (2014) (2014's top box office champ), Sully (2016) (starring Tom Hanks as hero pilot Chesley Sullenberger) and The 15:17 to Paris (2018). Back on screens after a considerable absence, he played an unlikely drug courier in The Mule (2018), which reached the top of the box office with a nine-figure gross, then directed Richard Jewell (2019). At age 91, Eastwood made history as the oldest actor to star above the title in a movie with the release of Cry Macho (2021).
Away from the limelight, Eastwood has led an aberrant existence and is described by biographer Patrick McGilligan as a cunning manipulator of the media. His convoluted slew of partners and children are now somewhat factually acknowledged, but for the first three decades of his celebrity, his personal life was kept top secret, and several of his families were left out of the official narrative. The actor refuses to disclose his exact number of offspring even to this day. He had a longtime relationship with similarly abstruse co-star Locke (who died aged 74 in 2018, though for her entire public life she masqueraded about being younger), and has fathered at least eight children by at least six different women in an unending string of liaisons, many of which overlapped. He has been married only twice, however, with a mere three of his progeny coming from those unions.
His known children are: Laurie Murray (b. 1954), whose mother is unidentified; Kimber Eastwood (b. 1964) with stuntwoman Roxanne Tunis; Kyle Eastwood (b. 1968) and Alison Eastwood (b. 1972) with his first ex-wife, Margaret Neville Johnson; Scott Eastwood (b. 1986) and Kathryn Eastwood (b. 1988) with stewardess Jacelyn Reeves; Francesca Eastwood (b. 1993) with actress Frances Fisher; and Morgan Eastwood (b. 1996) with his second ex-wife, Dina Eastwood. The entire time that he lived with Locke she was legally married to sculptor Gordon Anderson.
Eastwood has real estate holdings in Bel-Air, La Quinta, Carmel-by-the-Sea, Cassel (in remote northern California), Idaho's Sun Valley and Kihei, Hawaii.クリント・イーストウッド
1971 恐怖のメロディ
1973 荒野のストレンジャー
1973 愛のそよ風
1975 アイガー・サンクション
1976 アウトロー
1977 ガントレット
1980 ブロンコ・ビリー
1982 ファイヤーフォックス
1982 センチメンタル・アドベンチャー
1983 ダーティハリー4
1985 ペイルライダー
1986 ハートブレイク・リッジ 勝利の戦場
1988 バード
1990 ホワイトハンター ブラックハート
1990 ルーキー
1992 許されざる者
1993 パーフェクト・ワールド
1995 マディソン郡の橋
1997 真夜中のサバナ
1997 目撃
1999 トゥルー・クライム
2000 スペース・カウボーイ
2002 ブラッド・ワーク
2003 ミスティック・リバー
2004 ミリオンダラー・ベイビー
2006 父親たちの星条旗
2006 硫黄島からの手紙
2008 チェンジリング
2008 グラン・トリノ
2009 インビクタス/負けざる者たち
2010 ヒア アフター
2011 J・エドガー
2014 Jersey Boys- Producer
- Writer
- Director
One of the most influential personalities in the history of cinema, Steven Spielberg is Hollywood's best known director and one of the wealthiest filmmakers in the world. He has an extraordinary number of commercially successful and critically acclaimed credits to his name, either as a director, producer or writer since launching the summer blockbuster with Jaws (1975), and he has done more to define popular film-making since the mid-1970s than anyone else.
Steven Allan Spielberg was born in 1946 in Cincinnati, Ohio, to Leah Frances (Posner), a concert pianist and restaurateur, and Arnold Spielberg, an electrical engineer who worked in computer development. His parents were both born to Russian Jewish immigrant families. Steven spent his younger years in Haddon Township, New Jersey, Phoenix, Arizona, and later Saratoga, California. He went to California State University Long Beach, but dropped out to pursue his entertainment career. Among his early directing efforts were Battle Squad (1961), which combined World War II footage with footage of an airplane on the ground that he makes you believe is moving. He also directed Escape to Nowhere (1961), which featured children as World War Two soldiers, including his sister Anne Spielberg, and The Last Gun (1959), a western. All of these were short films. The next couple of years, Spielberg directed a couple of movies that would portend his future career in movies. In 1964, he directed Firelight (1964), a movie about aliens invading a small town. In 1967, he directed Slipstream (1967), which was unfinished. However, in 1968, he directed Amblin' (1968), which featured the desert prominently, and not the first of his movies in which the desert would feature. Amblin' also became the name of his production company, which turned out such classics as E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982). Spielberg had a unique and classic early directing project, Duel (1971), with Dennis Weaver. In the early 1970s, Spielberg was working on TV, directing among others such series as Rod Serling's Night Gallery (1969), Marcus Welby, M.D. (1969) and Murder by the Book (1971). All of his work in television and short films, as well as his directing projects, were just a hint of the wellspring of talent that would dazzle audiences all over the world.
Spielberg's first major directorial effort was The Sugarland Express (1974), with Goldie Hawn, a film that marked him as a rising star. It was his next effort, however, that made him an international superstar among directors: Jaws (1975). This classic shark attack tale started the tradition of the summer blockbuster or, at least, he was credited with starting the tradition. His next film was the classic Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977), a unique and original UFO story that remains a classic. In 1978, Spielberg produced his first film, the forgettable I Wanna Hold Your Hand (1978), and followed that effort with Used Cars (1980), a critically acclaimed, but mostly forgotten, Kurt Russell/Jack Warden comedy about devious used-car dealers. Spielberg hit gold yet one more time with Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), with Harrison Ford taking the part of Indiana Jones. Spielberg produced and directed two films in 1982. The first was Poltergeist (1982), but the highest-grossing movie of all time up to that point was the alien story E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982). Spielberg also helped pioneer the practice of product placement. The concept, while not uncommon, was still relatively low-key when Spielberg raised the practice to almost an art form with his famous (or infamous) placement of Reese's Pieces in "E.T." Spielberg was also one of the pioneers of the big-grossing special-effects movies, like "E.T." and "Close Encounters", where a very strong emphasis on special effects was placed for the first time on such a huge scale. In 1984, Spielberg followed up "Raiders" with Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984), which was a commercial success but did not receive the critical acclaim of its predecessor. As a producer, Spielberg took on many projects in the 1980s, such as The Goonies (1985), and was the brains behind the little monsters in Gremlins (1984). He also produced the cartoon An American Tail (1986), a quaint little animated classic. His biggest effort as producer in 1985, however, was the blockbuster Back to the Future (1985), which made Michael J. Fox an instant superstar. As director, Spielberg took on the book The Color Purple (1985), with Whoopi Goldberg and Oprah Winfrey, with great success. In the latter half of the 1980s, he also directed Empire of the Sun (1987), a mixed success for the occasionally erratic Spielberg. Success would not escape him for long, though.
The late 1980s found Spielberg's projects at the center of pop-culture yet again. In 1988, he produced the landmark animation/live-action film Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988). The next year proved to be another big one for Spielberg, as he produced and directed Always (1989) as well as Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989), and Back to the Future Part II (1989). All three of the films were box-office and critical successes. Also, in 1989, he produced the little known comedy-drama Dad (1989), with Jack Lemmon and Ted Danson, which got mostly mixed results. Spielberg has also had an affinity for animation and has been a strong voice in animation in the 1990s. Aside from producing the landmark "Who Framed Roger Rabbit", he produced the animated series Tiny Toon Adventures (1990), Animaniacs (1993), Pinky and the Brain (1995), Freakazoid! (1995), Pinky, Elmyra & the Brain (1998), Family Dog (1993) and Toonsylvania (1998). Spielberg also produced other cartoons such as The Land Before Time (1988), We're Back! A Dinosaur's Story (1993), Casper (1995) (the live action version) as well as the live-action version of The Flintstones (1994), where he was credited as "Steven Spielrock". Spielberg also produced many Roger Rabbit short cartoons, and many Pinky and the Brain, Animaniacs and Tiny Toons specials. Spielberg was very active in the early 1990s, as he directed Hook (1991) and produced such films as the cute fantasy Joe Versus the Volcano (1990) and An American Tail: Fievel Goes West (1991). He also produced the unusual comedy thriller Arachnophobia (1990), Back to the Future Part III (1990) and Gremlins 2: The New Batch (1990). While these movies were big successes in their own right, they did not quite bring in the kind of box office or critical acclaim as previous efforts. In 1993, Spielberg directed Jurassic Park (1993), which for a short time held the record as the highest grossing movie of all time, but did not have the universal appeal of his previous efforts. Big box-office spectacles were not his only concern, though. He produced and directed Schindler's List (1993), a stirring film about the Holocaust. He won best director at the Oscars, and also got Best Picture. In the mid-90s, he helped found the production company DreamWorks, which was responsible for many box-office successes.
As a producer, he was very active in the late 90s, responsible for such films as The Mask of Zorro (1998), Men in Black (1997) and Deep Impact (1998). However, it was on the directing front that Spielberg was in top form. He directed and produced the epic Amistad (1997), a spectacular film that was shorted at the Oscars and in release due to the fact that its release date was moved around so much in late 1997. The next year, however, produced what many believe was one of the best films of his career: Saving Private Ryan (1998), a film about World War Two that is spectacular in almost every respect. It was stiffed at the Oscars, losing best picture to Shakespeare in Love (1998).
Spielberg produced a series of films, including Evolution (2001), The Haunting (1999) and Shrek (2001). he also produced two sequels to Jurassic Park (1993), which were financially but not particularly critical successes. In 2001, he produced a mini-series about World War Two that definitely *was* a financial and critical success: Band of Brothers (2001), a tale of an infantry company from its parachuting into France during the invasion to the Battle of the Bulge. Also in that year, Spielberg was back in the director's chair for A.I. Artificial Intelligence (2001), a movie with a message and a huge budget. It did reasonably at the box office and garnered varied reviews from critics.
Spielberg has been extremely active in films there are many other things he has done as well. He produced the short-lived TV series SeaQuest 2032 (1993), an anthology series entitled Amazing Stories (1985), created the video-game series "Medal of Honor" set during World War Two, and was a starting producer of ER (1994). Spielberg, if you haven't noticed, has a great interest in World War Two. He and Tom Hanks collaborated on Shooting War: World War II Combat Cameramen (2000), a documentary about World War II combat photographers, and he produced a documentary about the Holocaust called Eyes of the Holocaust (2000). With all of this to Spielberg's credit, it's no wonder that he's looked at as one of the greatest ever figures in entertainment.スティーヴン・アラン・スピルバーグ
1971 (TV) 刑事コロンボ/構想の死角 Columbo: Murder by the Book
1971 (TV) 激突! Duel
1974 続・激突! カージャック The Sugarland Express)
1975 ジョーズ Jaws
1977 未知との遭遇 Close Encounters of the Third Kind
1979 1941 1941
1981 レイダース/失われたアーク 聖櫃 Raiders of the Lost Ark
1982 E.T. E.T.
1983 トワイライトゾーン/超次元の体験 Twilight Zone
1984 インディ・ジョーンズ/魔宮の伝説
------Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
1985 世にも不思議なアメージング・ストーリー Amazing Stories
1985 カラー・パープル The Color Purple
1987 太陽の帝国 Empire of the Sun
1989 インディ・ジョーンズ/最後の聖戦
------Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
1989 オールウェイズ Always
1991 フック Hook
1993 ジュラシック・パーク Jurassic Park
1993 シンドラーのリスト Schindler's List
1997 ロスト・ワールド The Lost World
1997 アミスタッド Amistad
1998 プライベート・ライアン Saving Private Ryan
2001 A.I.(Artificial Intelligence: AI
2002 マイノリティ・リポート Minority Report
2002 キャッチ・ミー・イフ・ユー・キャン Catch Me If You Can
2004 ターミナル The Terminal
2005 宇宙戦争 War of the Worlds
2005 ミュンヘン Munich
2008 インディ・ジョーンズ/クリスタル・スカルの王国
------Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
2011 タンタンの冒険/ユニコーン号の秘密
------The Adventures of Tintin: Secret of the Unicorn
2011 戦火の馬 War Horse
2012 リンカーン Lincoln
2015 Indiana Jones 5- Producer
- Director
- Actor
John Landis began his career in the mail room of 20th Century-Fox. A high-school dropout, 18-year-old Landis made his way to Yugoslavia to work as a production assistant on Kelly's Heroes (1970). Remaining in Europe, Landis found work as an actor, extra and stuntman in many of the Spanish/Italian "spaghetti" westerns. Returning to the US, he made his feature debut as a writer-director at age 21 with Schlock (1973), an affectionate tribute to monster movies. Clad in a Rick Baker-designed gorilla suit, Landis starred as "Schlockthropus", the missing link. After working as a writer, actor and production assistant, Landis made his second film, The Kentucky Fried Movie (1977), in collaboration with the Zucker brothers and Jim Abrahams. Landis rose to international recognition as director of the wildly successful National Lampoon's Animal House (1978). With blockbusters such as The Blues Brothers (1980), Trading Places (1983), Spies Like Us (1985), Three Amigos! (1986) and Coming to America (1988), Landis has directed some of the most popular film comedies of all time. Other feature credits include Into the Night (1985), Innocent Blood (1992) and the comedy/horror genre classic An American Werewolf in London (1981), which he also wrote. In 1986, Landis and four others were acquitted of responsibility for the tragic accident that occurred in Landis' segment of Twilight Zone: The Movie (1983) in which actor Vic Morrow and two child actors were killed. The film also included segments directed by Joe Dante, George Miller and Steven Spielberg. In 1983 Landis wrote and directed the groundbreaking music video of Michael Jackson's Michael Jackson: Thriller (1983), created originally to play as a theatrical short. "Thriller" forever changed MTV and the concept of music videos, garnering multiple accolades including the MTV Video Music Awards for Best Overall Video, Viewer's Choice, and the Video Vanguard Award - The Greatest Video in the History of the World. In 1991 "Thriller" was inducted into the MVPA's Hall of Fame. In 1991, Landis collaborated again with Jackson (I) on Michael Jackson: Black or White (1991), which premiered simultaneously in 27 countries with an estimated audience of 500 million. Although it was not the first motion picture or music video to do so, "Black or White" popularized the use of "digital morphing", where one object appears to seamlessly metamorphoses into another; the project raised the standard for state-of-the-art special effects in music videos. Landis has also been active in television as the executive producer (and often director) of the Ace- and Emmy Award-winning HBO series Dream On (1990). Other TV shows produced by his company, St. Clare Entertainment (St. Clare is the patron saint of television), include Weird Science (1994), Sliders (1995), Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show (1997), Campus Cops (1995) and The Lost World (1998). In 2004 the Independent Film Channel broadcast his feature-length documentary about a used-car salesman, Slasher (2004). Deer Woman, an original one-hour episode written by Landis and his son Max Landis, inaugurated the Masters of Horror (2005) series in the fall of 2005 on Showtime. "Masters of Horror" also features one-hour episodes by John Carpenter, Roger Corman, Tobe Hooper, Don Coscarelli, Mick Garris, Dario Argento and Larry Cohen.
A sought-after commercial director, Landis has worked for a variety of companies including Direct TV, Taco Bell, Coca Cola, Pepsi, Kellogg's and Disney. He was made a Chevalier dans l'ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government in 1985, awarded the Federico Fellini Prize by Rimini Cinema Festival in Italy and was named a George Eastman Scholar by The Eastman House in Rochester, New York. Both the Edinburgh Film Festival and the Torino Film Festival have held career retrospectives of his films. In 2004 Landis received the Time Machine Career Achievement Award at the Sitges Film Festival in Spain. Sent as a filmmaker/scholar by the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts & Sciences, Landis has lectured at many film schools and universities including Yale, Harvard, NYU, UCLA, UCSB, USC, Texas A&M, The North Carolina School of the Arts, University of Miami and Indiana University. He has also acted as a teacher and advisor to aspiring filmmakers at the Sundance Institute in Utah. Additionally, he edited Best American Movie Writing 2001 (Thunder's Mouth Press, NY, 2001). Born in Chicago, Illinois, Landis moved to Los Angeles soon after his birth. He is married to Deborah Nadoolman, an Oscar-nominated costume designer, and President of the Costume Designers Guild, with whom he has two children.ジョン・ランディス
1973 シュロック Schlock
1977 ケンタッキー・フライド・ムービー The Kentucky Fried Movie
1978 アニマル・ハウス National Lampoon's Animal House
1980 ブルースブラザース The Blues Brothers
1981 狼男アメリカン An American Werewolf in London
1982 Coming Soon (1982) ※ドキュメンタリー映画
1983 大逆転 Trading Places
1983 トワイライトゾーン/超次元の体験 Twilight Zone: The Movie
1985 眠れぬ夜のために Into the Night
1985 スパイ・ライク・アス Spies Like Us
1986 サボテン・ブラザーズ !Three Amigos!
1987 アメリカン・パロディ・シアター Amazon Women on the Moon
1988 星の王子 ニューヨークへ行く Coming to America
1991 オスカー Oscar
1992 イノセント・ブラッド Innocent Blood
1994 ビバリーヒルズ・コップ3 Beverly Hills Cop III
1996 ジョン・ランディスのステューピッド おばかっち地球防衛大作戦 The Stupids
1998 ブルース・ブラザース2000 Blues Brothers 2000
1998 スーザンズ・プラン 殺せないダーリン Susan's Plan
2004 Slasher (2004) ※ドキュメンタリー映画
2005 (TV) マスターズ・オブ・ホラー Masters of Horror
------ディア・ウーマン Deer Woman (2005) - 脚本兼任
------言葉なき隣人 Family (2006)
2007 Mr. Warmth: The Don Rickles Project ドキュメンタリー映画
2010 バーク アンド ヘア Burke & Hare- Music Department
- Writer
- Composer
John Howard Carpenter was born in Carthage, New York, to mother Milton Jean (Carter) and father Howard Ralph Carpenter. His family moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky, where his father, a professor, was head of the music department at Western Kentucky University. He attended Western Kentucky University and then USC film school in Los Angeles. He began making short films in 1962, and won an Academy Award for Best Live-Action Short Subject in 1970, for The Resurrection of Broncho Billy (1970), which he made while at USC. Carpenter formed a band in the mid-1970s called The Coupe de Villes, which included future directors Tommy Lee Wallace and Nick Castle. Since the 1970s, he has had numerous roles in the film industry including writer, actor, composer, producer, and director. After directing Dark Star (1974), he has helmed both classic horror films like Halloween (1978), The Fog (1980), and The Thing (1982), and noted sci-fi tales like Escape from New York (1981) and Starman (1984).ジョン・カーペンター
1974 『ダーク・スター』 Dark Star
1976 『ジョン・カーペンターの要塞警察』 Assault on Precinct 13
1978 『ハロウィン』 Halloween
1978 『アイズ』 Eyes of Laura Mars
1978 『ザ・シンガー』 Elvis
1980 『ザ・フォッグ』 The Fog
1981 『ニューヨーク1997』 Escape from New York
1982 『遊星からの物体X』 The Thing
1983 『クリスティーン』 Christine
1984 『スターマン/愛・宇宙はるかに』 Starman
1984 『フィラデルフィア・エクスペリメント』 The Philadelphia Experiment
1986 『ゴースト・ハンターズ』 Big Trouble in Little China
1986 『ブラックライダー』Black Moon Rising
1987 『パラダイム』 Prince of Darkness
1988 『ゼイリブ』 They Live
1992 『透明人間』 Memoirs of an Invisible Man
1994 『マウス・オブ・マッドネス』 In the Mouth of Madness
1995 『光る眼』 Village of the Damned
1996 『エスケープ・フロム・L.A.』 Escape from L.A.
1998 『ヴァンパイア/最期の聖戦』Vampires
2000 『アメリカン・ナイトメア』 The American Nightmare
2001 『ゴースト・オブ・マーズ』 Ghosts of Mars (2001)
2002 『ヴァンパイア/黒の十字架』Vampires: Los Muertos
2010 『ザ・ウォード/監禁病棟』The Ward