A powerful anti-war movie, the saddest movie you will ever see, and yet ... doesn't tell the WHOLE story I have to say that when I first saw this movie in the 1990s as a VHS rental, I was moved to tears by this Japanese cartoon about a young boy and his even younger sister, a toddler, who become orphans even as they manage to survive the massive firebombings of their home during WWII, only to die of starvation shortly after Japan's unconditional surrender.
The story behind this movie was based on the real life experience of screenwriter Akiyuki Nosaka towards the end of WWII, when he was only some 15 years old and saw his adoptive father die during the air attacks and two of his sisters die of malnutrition.
We are 80 years removed now from that awful history. Nosaka passed away in 2015 at age 85. Many people watching this movie now perhaps won't notice or even know that those are American B-29s dropping the canisters of napalm onto Japanese civilians and their homes, or that those are American F6F Hellcats strafing the civilians. If you did know or recognized those details, you might think that, yeah, Americans are very much the Evil Bad Guys in this movie.
And that's what makes this cartoon movie, as true and tragic the story behind it is, not even half of the REAL STORY of what happened.
The FULL STORY would include the fact that shortly after American Occupation forces arrived in Japan after its unconditional surrender, General Douglas MacArthur recognized that a mass famine was underway in Japan, and urgently requested that large shipments of food aid be sent from the U. S. to Japan. This stopped the famine, obviously not soon enough to save Nosaka's sisters, but the Japanese military who had controlled the country had insisted on continuing the war well past the point where the country and its people were in desperate straits and needed to surrender (read - "Embracing Defeat" by John Dower)
The FULL STORY would include the fact that on the night before Emperor Hirohito's surrender speech was to be broadcast to the nation (it had already been recorded, on a wax cylinder), junior officers of the Japanese Army attacked the Imperial Palace, trying to locate and destroy the recording of the surrender speech, in a final desperate effort to continue the war. The general in charge of the Palace guard was killed when he refused to help the coupe attempt and the coupe plotters were arrested. This fact is important to remember for those today who just have no clue how fanatical the Japanese military leaders were that controlled the country at the time, and thus question whether whether the ferocious devastation of Japan by the U. S. was necessary to force its surrender (read - "Japan's Longest Day" and "The Day Man Lost Hiroshima").
The FULL STORY would include the fact that MacArthur and his aides would draw up a new constitution for the government of Japan, a constitution that gave Japanese women the right to vote, and limited its military to a Self Defense force only, to make sure that the military could never take control of the country again.
The FULL STORY would include the fact that five years after its surrender, Japan quickly became a trusted ally of the U. S., rebuilding its economy as a base of operations and a key supplier for the US military during the Korean War. Try to think of another situation in human history where a victorious nation would so quickly forgive a former enemy, after such a bitter, ferocious war, and then rebuild it in its own image as a free and democratic society.
Finally, the FULL STORY would include the fact that the horror of WWII had started over a decade before the U. S. was dragged into the war by Japan's sneak attack on Pearl Harbor, with Japan previously invading China, and then the rest of East and Southeast Asia, reaching even into India. An estimated 25 million people in these other countries died as a result of Japanese military attacks during this war, with widespread atrocities, and even more would have continued to die had the U. S. not utterly destroyed the Japanese ability to make war (read - "Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire", and "Tower of Skulls", both by Richard B. Frank).
The deaths of any children in war is tragic, but it's important to also know the full story and the aftermath of the story behind this otherwise very well made movie.